Tag Archives: Dasam Bani

Jaap Sahib Steek Preface – Prof. Sahib Singh

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ਜਾਪੁ ਸਾਹਿਬ
ਪ੍ਰੋ. ਸਾਹਿਬ ਸਿੰਘ (ਡੀ.ਲਿਟ)

Jaap Sahib
Prof. Sahib Singh (D Litt)

ਪ੍ਰੋ. ਸਾਹਿਬ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ (ਡੀ. ਲਿਟ) ਦੀ ਲਿਖੀ ਹੋਈ ਪੁਸਤਕ ‘ਜਾਪੁ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਸਟੀਕ’ ਦਾ ਮੁਖ-ਬੰਧ

The preface to the book ‘Jaap Sahib Steek’ authored by Prof. Sahib Singh (D. Litt.)

‘ਜਾਪੁ’ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਦੀ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਹੈ। ਰਹਿਤਨਾਮਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਵਲੋਂ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਹਰੇਕ ਸਿੱਖ ਹਰ ਰੋਜ਼ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਘੱਟ ਤੋਂ ਘੱਟ ‘ਜਪੁ’ ਅਤੇ ‘ਜਾਪੁ’ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦਾ ਪਾਠ ਜ਼ਰੂਰ ਕਰੇ। ‘ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤ’ ਤਿਆਰ ਕਰਨ ਵੇਲੇ ਭੀ ਇਹ ਬਾਣੀ ਪੜ੍ਹੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।

‘Jaap’ Sahib is the ‘bani’ of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji. From the rehatnamas [we find] Satguru Ji insisting that every Sikh should, at the very least, recite Japji and Jaap every morning. This bani is also read during the preparation of ‘Amrit’.

ਪਰ ਆਮ ਵੇਖਣ ਵਿਚ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਜਿਤਨੀ ਲੋੜ ਇਸ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਦੀ ਸਿੱਖ ਆਤਮਿਕ ਜੀਵਨ ਵਿਚ ਦੱਸੀ ਗਈ ਹੈ; ਉਤਨਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਇਸ ਵੱਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਜਾ ਰਿਹਾ। ਇਸਦਾ ਕਾਰਨ ਇਹ ਜਾਪਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਇਸ ਵਿਚ ਸੰਸਕ੍ਰਿਤ, ਅਰਬੀ ਤੇ ਫਾਰਸੀ ਦੇ ਬਹੁਤ ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾ ਲਫਜ਼ ਹਨ, ਜਿੰਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਕਰਕੇ ਇਹ ਬਹੁਤ ਔਖੀ ਲੱਗਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਔਖਿਆਈ ਨੂੰ ਦੂਰ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਕੁੱਝ ਟੀਕੇ ਜਾ ਚੁੱਕੇ ਹਨ, ਪਰ ਖੋਜ ਕੇ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਵਾਲੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੇ ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟੀ-ਕੋਣ ਤੋਂ ਉਹ ਤਸੱਲੀ ਬਖਸ਼ ਸਾਬਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਏ।

However, on general observation it appears as if the attention given to this bani does not reflect what is said in regard to its necessity for Sikh spiritual life (ਸਿੱਖ ਆਤਮਿਕ ਜੀਵਨ). The apparent reason for this is that [the bani] contains a significant amount of words from the Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian lexicon and because of this, it appears to be very difficult. To overcome this difficulty a number of commentaries have been produced but from the perspective of those students who read them analytically, these are not fully satisfactory

ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਦੀ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਭਾਵੇਂ ਮੈਂ ਇਹ ਪਹਿਲਾ ਟੀਕਾ ਪੇਸ਼ ਕਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਹਾਂ, ਪਰ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਹੀ ਲੀਹਾਂ ਤੇ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਜਪੁ ਜੀ, ਭੱਟਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਵੈਯੇ, ਆਸਾ ਦੀ ਵਾਰ, ਸੁਖਮਨੀ ਤੇ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ ਸੱਦੁ ਦੇ ਟੀਕੇ ਕਰਨ ਵਿਚ ਵਰਤੀਆਂ ਗਈਆਂ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਗੱਲ ਦਾ ਖਾਸ ਧਿਆਨ ਰੱਖਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ ਕਿ ‘ਬੋਲੀ’ ਦੇ ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟੀ-ਕੋਣ ਤੋਂ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਹਰੇਕ ਮੁਸ਼ਕਲ ਲਫਜ਼ ਤੇ ਉਸ ਵਿਚ ਦੱਸੇ ਭਾਵ ਨੂੰ ਠੀਕ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਮਝ ਸਕੇ।

Although this is the first commentary I have presented covering the bani of Guru Gobind Singh, I have created it using the same methods [previously] employed in the Jap Ji, Bhatta Dey Swaiyye, Asa Di Vaar, Sukhmani and Ramkali teekas [penned by the author]. From a ‘linguistics‘ perspective, great attention has been paid to ensuring that a student should be able to correctly comprehend every difficult word and the meanings of their underlying ideas.

‘ਜਾਪੁ’ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਵਿਚ ਕਈ ਲਫਜ਼ ਮੁੜ ਮੁੜ ਕਈ ਵਾਰ ਆਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ, ਇਸ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਇਸਨੂੰ ਜ਼ੁਬਾਨੀ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਨਾਂ ਕਾਫੀ ਔਖਾ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਜ਼ੁਬਾਨੀ ਯਾਦ ਹੋਣ ਤੇ ਭੀ ਜੇ ਇਸਦਾ ਪਾਠ ਕਰਨ ਵੇਲੇ ਸੁਰਤ ਹੋਰ ਪਾਸੇ ਖਿੰਡ ਜਾਏ ਤਾ ਪਾਠ ਘੱਟ ਹੀ ਸਿਰੇ ਚੜ੍ਹਦਾ ਹੈ, ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਇਕੋ ਲਫਜ਼ ਦੇ ਕਈ ਵਾਰੀ ਆਉਣ ਕਰਕੇ ਪਾਠ ਅਗਾਂਹ ਪਿਛਾਂਹ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸੋ ਸੁਰਤ ਨੂੰ ਇਕ ਥਾਂ ਰੱਖਣ ਵਿਚ ਇਹ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਹਾਇਤਾ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ।

Certain words are used in a repeated fashion in ‘Jaap’ Sahib and because of this it becomes quite difficult to memorise. Even when one has memorised it, should one’s attention wonder at the time of recital there is a decreased chance of it being fully completed because the reoccurrence of particular words means that [one can easily find themselves subsequently proceeding] from an earlier or later point of the prayer. So this ‘bani’ is very helpful in [learning] to keep one’s attention singularly fixed.

ਓਪਰੀ ਨਜ਼ਰੇ ਇਸ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਿਆਂ ਇਉਂ ਜਾਪਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਜਿਵੇਂ ਇਸ ਵਿਚ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਦੇ ਕੇਵਲ ਅੱਡੋ ਅੱਡ ਗੁਣਾਂ ਦਾ ਹੀ ਮੁੜ ਮੁੜ ਜ਼ਿਕਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ, ਤੇ ਇਸ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਵਿਚ ਖਿਆਲਾਂ ਦੀ ਕੋਈ ਇਕ ਸਾਰ ਮਿਲਵੀਂ ਲੜੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ। ਪਰ ਮੈਂ ਇਸ ਟੀਕੇ ਵਿਚ ਇਹ ਦੱਸ਼ਿਆ ਹੈ ਕਿ ‘ਜਾਪੁ’ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦੇ ਸਾਰੇ 22 ਛੰਦਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਇਕ-ਸਾਰ ਤੇ ਮਿਲਵਾਂ ਭਾਵ ਮਿਲਦਾ ਹੈ।

Reading this ‘bani’ from the perspective of the unfamilar, can lead to the impression that it simply consists of repetitive references to random, individual attributes of the Supreme Soul (ਪ੍ਰਮਾਤਮਾ) and that the notions contained within this bani do not form any consistent, uniform whole. However, in this commentary I have described how we do indeed receive a uniform and connected thread of meaning throughout the 22 chands of ‘Jaap’.

ਹਿੰਦੂ ਲੋਕ ਸੰਸਕ੍ਰਿਤ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਵ-ਬਾਣੀ ਕਹਿ ਰਹੇ ਸਨ। ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ਸਿਰਫ ਅਰਬੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਮਜ੍ਹਬ ਵਿਚ ਜਾਇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਸਹੀ ਸਮਝਦੇ ਸਨ। ਇਕ ਮਤ ਦੇ ਬੰਦੇ ਦੂਜੇ ਮਤ ਦੀ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਦੀ ‘ਬੋਲੀ’ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਤਰੰਗ ਪ੍ਰਗਟ ਕਰਨ ਵਿਚ ਵਰਤਣੋਂ ਨਫਰਤ ਕਰ ਰਹੇ ਸਨ। ਪਰ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਨੇ ‘ਜਾਪੁ’ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਵਿਚ ਸੰਸਕ੍ਰਿਤ ਅਰਬੀ ਤੇ ਫਾਰਸੀ ਦੇ ਲਫਜ਼ ਵਰਤ ਕੇ ਤੇ ਸਿੱਖ ਕੌਮ ਨੂੰ ਇਸ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਦਾ ਹਰ ਰੋਜ਼ ਪਾਠ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਹੁਕਮ ਦੇ ਕੇ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਤੇ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ਕੌਮ ਦੀ ਸਦੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਤੰਗ-ਦਿਲੀ ਤੇ ਪੱਖ-ਪਾਤ ਨੂੰ ਸਦਾ ਲਈ ਸਿੱਖਾਂ ਦੇ ਦਿਲ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਮਿਟਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਹੈ।

Hindu folk were calling Sanskrit the ‘language of gods’ (ਦੇਵ-ਬਾਣੀ). For the Muslims, Arabic alone was considered to be legitimate and right according to their creed. The people of each faith were loathed to use the language of the other’s scripture to express their religious emotions (ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਤਰੰਗ) . However, by using Sanskrit, Arabic and Farsi words in Jaap, and by ordering Sikhs to recite this prayer on a daily basis, Guru Gobind Singh permanently eradicated the narrow mindedness (ਤੰਗ-ਦਿਲੀ) and partisanship of the Hindu and Muslim eras from the hearts of Sikhs.

ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦੇ ਆਉਣ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿਚ ਰਸਮੀ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ ‘ਤਿਆਗੀ’ ਅਖਵਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਹੁੰਦਿਆਂ ਭੀ ਅਸਲ ਤਿਆਗ, ਖਲਕ ਤੇ ਖਲਕਤ ਨਾਲ ਪਿਆਰ ਬਹੁਤ ਘੱਟ ਵੇਖਣ ਵਿਚ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਸੀ, ਦਇਆ ਤੇ ਸੰਤੋਖ ਵਾਲਾ ਜੀਵਨ ਕਿਤੇ ਕਿਤੇ ਵਿਰਲੇ ਥਾਂ ਸੀ। ਆਮ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ ਕਿਸੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ‘ਲੋਕ ਗੀਤ’ ਉਸਦੇ ਵਾਸੀਆਂ ਦੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਉਤੇ ਬੜਾ ਡੂੰਘਾ ਅਸਰ ਪਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ, ਪਰ ਏਥੇ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਜ਼ਾਹਰਦਾਰੀ ਵਧ ਜਾਣ ਕਰਕੇ ਇਹ ਲੋਕ ਗੀਤ ਵੀ ਦਇਆ, ਸੰਤੋਖ, ਪਿਆਰ, ਕੁਰਬਾਨੀ ਆਦਿਕ ਦੇ ੳੇੁਚੇ ਇਨਸਾਨੀ ਵਲਵਲਿਆਂ ਦਾ ਹੁਲਾਰਾ ਦੇਣੋ ਰਹਿ ਚੁੱਕੇ ਸਨ। ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਇੰਨ੍ਹਾਂ ‘ਲੋਕ ਗੀਤਾਂ’ ਵਿਚ ਨਵੀਂ ਜਾਨ ਪਾਈ, ‘ਘੋੜੀਆਂ’, ‘ਛੰਤ’, ‘ਅਲਾਹਣੀਆਂ’, ‘ਸਦੁ’, ‘ਬਾਰਹਮਾਹ’, ‘ਲਾਵਾਂ’, ‘ਵਾਰ’ ਆਦਿਕ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਚੱਲਤ ‘ਛੰਦ’ ਵਰਤ ਕੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਦੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਮਰ ਚੁੱਕੇ ਪਹਿਲੂਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਫਿਰ ਜ਼ਿੰਦ ਰੁਮਕਾ ਦਿੱਤੀ; ਸੱਚ, ਤਿਆਗ, ਪਿਆਰ, ਦਇਆ ਤੇ ਸੰਤੋਖ ਦੇ ਤਰੰਗ ਆਮ ਜੰਨਤਾ ਦੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਵਿਚ ਸੁੰਦਰਤਾ ਪੈਦਾ ਕਰਨ ਲੱਗ ਪਏ।

Despite the presence of people who called themselves ’ renunciates’ of the conventional way of life, at the time of Guru Nanak Sahib’s arrival in the country, genuine detachment and love for humanity was rarely witnessed. Lives lived with compassion and contentment where scarce and scattered thinly over the land. Now commonly any nation’s ‘folk songs’ would have a deep impact (ਡੂੰਘਾ ਅਸਰ) on the lives of its inhabitants, but due to the spread of ceremonious (or overt) shows of religiosity [as opposed to true faith], even these folk songs were failing to inspire any movement towards higher aspirations such as kindness, contentment, love, sacrifice and so forth. Guru Nanak suffused these musical folk traditions with a new lease of life. Through using ghorian, chand, alaahnyaan, sadu, barahmah, laavaan, vaar and various other [poetic] metres, all of these dying aspects of [people’s] existences were reinvigorated with a fresh breeze of life; [As a consequence] sentiments of truth, restraint, love, compassion and contentment began to bring beauty into the lives of the common man.

ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਂਤ ਰਸ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਨੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਕਾਰਾਂ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਹਟਾਇਆ। ਪਰ ਉਹ ਹਿਰਦਾ ਸਦਾ ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਟਿਕਿਆ ਰਹਿ ਸਕਦਾ ਜਿਸ ਵਿਚ ਜੋਸ਼ ਦਾ ਹੁਲਾਰਾ ਨਹੀਂ, ਉਹ ਗੁਣ ਜਿਉਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਕਦਾ ਜੋ ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹ ਨਹੀਂ ਪੈਦਾ ਕਰਦਾ। ਕਾਦਿਰ ਦੀ ਸੁੰਦਰਤਾ ਦੇ ਦੋ ਪਹਿਲੂ ਹਨ; ਇਕ ਹੈ ‘ਜਮਾਲ’ (ਕੋਮਲ ਸੁੰਦਰਤ) ਤੇ ਦੂਜਾ ਹੈ ‘ਜਲਾਲ’। ਤਿਆਗ, ਪਿਆਰ, ਦਇਆ ਤੇ ਸੰਤੋਖ ਆਦਿਕ ਮਨੁੱਖਾ ਜੀਵਨ ਦੀ ਕੋਮਲ ਸੁੰਦਰਤਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ ਦੀ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਨੇ ਪੈਦਾ ਕੀਤਾ। ਇਸ ‘ਜਮਾਲ’ ਨੂੰ ਜਿਉਂਦਾ ਰੱਖਣ ਲਈ ‘ਜਲਾਲ’ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਸੀ, ਬੀਰ ਰਸ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਸੀ, ਇਹ ਕੰਮ ‘ਵਰਿਆਮ ਮਰਦ’ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਦੇ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਆਇਆ। ਲੁਤਫ ਇਹ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਇੰਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ਵਿਚ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਦੀ ਹੀ ਸਿਫਤ-ਸਲਾਹ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਲਫਜ਼ ਅਜਿਹੇ ਵਰਤੇ ਹਨ ਤੇ ਲਫਜ਼ਾਂ ਦੀ ਚਾਲ ਦੇ ‘ਛੰਦ’ ਐਸੇ ਵਰਤੇ ਹਨ ਜਿੰਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹ-ਸੁਣ ਕੇ ਬੀਰ-ਰਸ ਹੁਲਾਰੇ ਵਿਚ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

The word (of Guru Nanak) consisting of the very essence of peace (ਸ਼ਾਂਤ ਰਸ ਬਾਣੀ) halted people’s [tendency towards] corruption. But the heart that doesn’t contain the capacity for spirited movement (ਜੋਸ਼ ਦਾ ਹੁਲਾਰਾ) cannot remain eternally steadfast in purity. This attribute [steadfastness in purity] cannot survive if an enthusiastic zeal is not produced. The beauty of the Almighty has two sides; one is ‘Jamaal’ (delicate beauty) and the other is ‘Jalaal’ (majesty). Restraint, love, compassion, kindness and contentment (ਤਿਆਗ, ਪਿਆਰ, ਦਇਆ ਤੇ ਸੰਤੋਖ) etc. are soft (ਕੋਮਲ) aspects of the beauty of human existence, which find inspiration in the bani of the Guru Granth Sahib. To keep this ‘jamal’ (delicate beauty) alive necessitated the keeping of ‘jalaal’. There was a need for the very essence of bravery (ਬੀਰ ਰਸ). This duty was the responsibility of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. The pleasure (ਲੁਤਫ) of their bani is such that whilst it contains the praises of God (ਪ੍ਰਮਾਤਮਾ), the words and the poetic metres that have been utilised are such that they cause the oscillation of bir raas (ਬੀਰ ਰਸ) when being listened to or read.

ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰੀ ‘ਬਾਣੀ’ ‘ਰਾਗ’-ਵਾਰ ਵੰਡੀ ਗਈ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਦੀ ‘ਬਾਣੀ ਵੱਖੋ ਵੱਖਰੇ ‘ਛੰਦਾਂ’ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਵੰਡੀ ਹੋਈ ਹੈ, ਜੋ ਬੀਰ-ਰਸ ਪੈਦਾ ਕਰਨ ਵਿਚ ਸਹਾਈ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਵੇਖੋ, ਬਚਿੱਤ੍ਰ ਨਾਟਕ ਵਿਚ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਨੂੰ ਤੇਗ-ਰੂਪ ਆਖ ਕੇ ਐਸੇ ਲਫਜ਼ਾਂ ਤੇ ਛੰਦਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਨਮਸਕਾਰ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ ਕਿ ਚਿੱਤ ਜੋਸ਼ ਵਿਚ ਆ ਕੇ ਮਾਨੋ, ਨੱਚ ਉਠਦਾ ਹੈ:_

All of the bani of Sri Guru Granth Sahib has been divided along the line of ‘raags’, but the bani of Guru Gobind Singh Ji has been separated according to individual ‘chands’ which helps produce bir ras (ਬੀਰ-ਰਸ). Note how God is referred to in the form of a sword in Bachitar Natak and how the type of words and metres used in the salutation causes one’s mind to be pervaded with a rising, dancing fervour (ਜੋਸ਼).

ਖਗ ਖੰਡ ਬਿਹੰਡੰ ਖਲ ਦਲ ਖੰਡੰ ਅਤਿ ਰਣ ਮੰਡੰ ਬਰ ਬੰਡੰ ॥
The sword chops well, chops the forces of fools and this mighty one bedecks and glorifies the battlefield.

ਭੁਜ ਦੰਡ ਅਖੰਡੰ ਤੇਜ ਪ੍ਰਚੰਡੰ ਜੋਤਿ ਅਮੰਡੰ ਭਾਨ ਪ੍ਰਭੰ ॥
It is the unbreakable staff of the arm, it has the powerful luster and its light even bedims the radiance of the sun.

ਸੁਖ ਸੰਤਾ ਕਰਣੰ ਦੁਰਮਤਿ ਦਰਣੰ ਕਿਲਬਿਖ ਹਰਣੰ ਅਸਿ ਸਰਣੰ ॥
It brings happiness to the saints, mashing the vicious ones, it is the destroyer of sins and I and under its refuge.

ਜੈ ਜੈ ਜਗ ਕਾਰਣ ਸ੍ਰਿਸਟਿ ਉਬਾਰਣ ਮਮ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਪਾਰਣ ਜੈ ਤੇਗੰ ॥੨॥
Hail, hail to the cause of the world, saviour of the universe, it is my preserver, I hail its victory. 2.
(Dasam Granth pg 95)

ਸ਼ਾਇਦ ਇੰਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਹੀ ਦੋ ਕਾਰਨਾਂ ਕਰਕੇ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੀ ਬਾਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦੀ ਬਾਣੀ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਖਰਾ ਹੀ ਰਹਿਣ ਦਿੱਤਾ।

Perhaps it was these two reasons that led Guru Gobind Singh Ji to keep his own bani separate from that of the Sri Guru Granth Sahib?

ਖਾਲਸਾ ਕਾਲਜ, ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਸਿੰਘ
1 ਜਨਵਰੀ, 1944

Sahib Singh
Khalsa College, Amritsar
1 January 1944

-translated by Dalsingh

Sri Dasam Granth Sahib ji Steek for Download

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Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh Guru Roop Sangat Jeo,

The complete teeka of Sri Dasam Granth Sahib ji is being uploaded by  a sevadaar. When all the links are up  I’ll update this post with them. Two teekas are being made available.

The first is that of Pandit Narain Singh Ji Gyani. Gyani Ji’s work is considered the best and most definitive work on Sri Dasam Granth Sahib ji.
Gyani Narayan Singh ji’s Sri Dasam Granth Sahib ji Steek

The various parts will be uploaded to my new file host here.

Prof. Sahib Singh ji Jaap Sahib Steek

Prof. Sahib Singh ji’s Jaap Sahib steek is also being made available for the sangat. The teeka also covers Swayiye (Sravag Suddh) and the opening Chaupai of Sri Akaal ustat.

It is an important teeka as many missionaries have great regard for Prof. Sahib Singh but have been confused by the propaganda against Dasam Bani. Hopefully by reading this teeka some of their confusion can be cleared.  In the foreword itself Prof. Sahib has made it absolutely clear that Sri Jaap Sahib and other banis of Sri Dasam Granth are composed by Sri Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji Maharaj himself.

The meanings are laid out in the ‘Guru Granth Sahib Ji Darpan’ style, with padd-arth (words and their .meanings) and the mool paath’s exposition.

Jaap Sahib Steek

-props to PJS

[Part V] Charitropakhyan – Analysis and Clarifications of Sri Sabudh Baach (Charitar No. 404)

Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa
Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh Guru Roop Sangat Jeo,

Guruji has shown immense kirpa – the fifth article in the series is now complete. Sabudh Baach is a deeply engaging story, with many important moral lessons to be learnt from it. It provides a nice, in-depth analysis of various metaphorical verses, along with brief description of the story itself. Attempt is to answer many important questions like Concept of Mahakal, implicit references to Puranic texts, etc. It is a sincere hope that this pious composition of Sri Guruji be read by critics and curious alike. As with previous articles, this one is also extensively based on Dr. Harbhajan Singh Ji’s book + Gyani Narain Singh Ji’s Steek along with massive help from Mahan Kosh by Bhai Kahn Singh Ji Nabha. Ok, enough :) Read on, im sure this will be an eye opener! :)

[Part V] Charitropakhyan – Analysis and Clarifications of Sri Sabudh Baach (Charitar No. 404)


The third section of Charitropakhyan has generally remained neglected. Dialogues of minister ‘Bhoop’ end at Charitar 403 and the composition begins under a new title ‘ਸਬੁਧੀ ਵਾਚ’ (Sabuddhi Vaach). The word ‘ਸਬੁਧਿ’ is shortened form of ‘ਸਦ-ਬੁਧਿ’ which means ‘ਚੰਗੀ ਬੁਧੀ’ (good intellect). The metaphorical meaning is that King Chitr Singh eventually came to his senses with persistent inspiration from his wise ministers. A more comprehensive and global meaning is, when wise and responsible people present before society the dangers of crimes originating from kaam in a proper manner, people become prudent and pleasing atmosphere is created. The writer of Charitropakhyan tells that with the advent of prudence, Satjug-like age dawned again. Negating the age of Satjug as given in Shastars, it has been described as an age where expansion of positive reasoning takes place, ending society’s seemingly inexhaustible preoccupation with bad habits. The pitch black night of Kaljug in which inexorable sexual misconducts take place is pleasantly transformed into Satjug by the light of positive intellect. In fact, this ideology is in complete harmony with that of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, who tell us that it is not time that influences good or bad behaviour in society, rather it is human conduct that make time appear good or bad. With the end of Kaljug and rise of Satjug, a character named ‘ਸਤਿ ਸੰਧਿ’ (Satt Sandh) appears in the story. Word ‘ਸਤਿ ਸੰਧਿ’ (Satt Sandh) is a combination of two words – ਸਤਿ meaning ‘truth ‘and ਸੰਧਿ, which means ‘union’. Thus, ‘ਸਤਿ ਸੰਧਿ’ is someone who has merged and become one with truth. Because Satt Sandh is a truthful person, as such he is king of Devtas. He ruled as a righteous king for long time but then a monstrous demon took birth and clashed with him. Many horrific battles were fought between them, with battlefields drenched with blood of thousands of perished soldiers. In Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji, wherever war scene are described, reader is also provided rendezvous with horrors of war. We are also told that, even if one faction might decide to fight out of sheer desperation to defend its faith, sadistic souls will always look to find cheap pleasures out of misery of others. Devils, foxes, dogs, vultures, etc.. are only satisfied when they see rivers of human blood flowing in front of their eyes. This important trait can be seen prevalent in almost every episode of Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji and the message delivered is universal: aftermath of war is never positive. Righteous men of faith have to pick up their swords in self-defence, a beautiful example of which is by Sri Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji in his eternal composition “Zafarnamah”:

Quote

ਚੁ ਕਾਰ ਅਜ਼ ਹਮਹ ਹੀਲਤੇ ਦਰ ਗੁਜ਼ਸ਼ਤ ॥ ਹਲਾਲ ਅਸਤ ਬੁਰਦਨ ਬ ਸ਼ਮਸ਼ੀਰ ਦਸਤ ॥੨੨॥
Meaning -“When an affair is past every other remedy, it is righteous, indeed to unsheath the sword.” Contrary to this, evil forces tirelessly make efforts to create atmosphere of discontentment and unrest in society.

For twenty long years and through day and night, the torch-bearer of righteousness king Satt Sandh kept fighting with ‘ਦੀਰਘਦਾੜ੍ਹ’ (Deeragh Daarh), the king of demons. Eventually, both armies clashed with each other one final time and ended up wiping each other out. Thirty thousand Khoohni soldiers got killed (Khoohni is a unit used to measure size of an army – 1 Khoohni = 21,870 elephants, 21,870 chariots, 65,610 horses and 1,09,350 foot soldiers, it totals to 2,18,700 units. Multiply this number by 30,000 = 6,56,10,00,000 total soliders killed). After that, both kings ferociously clashed with each other. Horrifying battle ensued and there were flames of fire everywhere. Out of these flames, a girl named ‘Baala’ was born. Dictionary meanings of word ‘Baala’ are – girl, female younger than 16 years of age, youthful girl. It is important to keep in mind here that surname ‘kaur’ of Sikh women also represents same meaning. Baala’s emergence from fire has a special metaphorical meaning – With the advent of Satjug, man became ‘Satt Sandh’ (pure, virtuous), and consequently, woman abandoned her corruptness (as depicted in Charitars) and took birth in a new, pure form. When virtuous Baala stepped into the battlefield with arsenal of weapons in her hands, she started slaying enemies, as:

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ਚਾਰਹੁ ਦਿਸਾ ਫਿਰੀ ਜਬ ਬਾਲਾ ॥ ਜਾਨੋ ਨਾਗ ਰੂਪ ਕੀ ਮਾਲਾ ॥ ਐਸ ਨ ਕਤਹੂੰ ਪੁਰਖ ਨਿਹਾਰਾ ॥ ਨਾਥ ਕਰੈ ਜਿਹ ਆਪੁ ਸੁਧਾਰਾ ॥੩੦॥
Meaning - When Baala ran about in all four directions (it appeared as if she was) like a garland of snakes. There was no such male in sight, who could make her his own.

This is the ultimate aim of the creator of Sri Dasam Granth – to bestow women with power, to raise them from pits of helplessness and sexual exploitation and establish them at a level of power much higher than that of men. From this revolutionary successful attempt of Sri Guruji, brave and powerful women like Mai Bhago, Bibi Harsharan Kaur, women like those who lived in brutal conditions of the prisons of Mir Mannu, those who kept their devotion unwavering for Guruji even while having garlands of chopped babies around their necks, those who braved strenuous labour in captivity chanting ‘satnaam’, were born in Gurughar out of the bright flames of Chandi. By referring to women by names like Chandi, Bhagauti, Tulwar, Teer, Guruji blessed them with form of Maha-Chandi. In Guruji’s composition “Sabudh Baach”, protagonist ‘Baala’ has only one objective – to marry the lord of universe – Waheguru Ji. There is absolutely no affect of sexual urges on her body, mind and spirit. She has become like the soul whose only aim is to be one with The Supreme-Purity. The following verse shows her eagerness to obtain the Lord:

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ਫਿਰ ਜਿਯ ਮੈ ਇਹ ਭਾਤਿ ਬਿਚਾਰੀ ॥ ਬਰੌ ਜਗਤ ਕੇ ਪਤਿਹਿ ਸੁਧਾਰੀ ॥ ਤਾ ਤੇ ਕਰੌ ਦੀਨ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਸੇਵਾ ॥ ਹੋਇ ਪ੍ਰਸੰਨ ਕਾਲਿਕਾ ਦੇਵਾ ॥੩੧॥
Then she considered in her heart – I will marry the lord of this universe. Now how do I serve her so that Kaalka Deva is pleased (with me)

This Kaalka Deva is not Mahakaal, but the creator of ‘Kaal’ – Akal Purakh Himself. The story gets immensely deep and absorbing from here on. Akal Purakh said to Baala that you will be able to attain me when the demon ‘ਸ੍ਵਾਸ ਬੀਰਜ’ (Swas Beeraj) gets killed by you.

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ਅਰਧ ਰਾਤ੍ਰਿ ਬੀਤਤ ਭੀ ਜਬ ਹੀ ॥ ਆਗ੍ਯਾ ਭਈ ਨਾਥ ਕੀ ਤਬ ਹੀ ॥ ਸ੍ਵਾਸ ਬੀਰਜ ਦਾਨਵ ਜਬ ਮਰਿ ਹੈ ॥ ਤਿਹ ਪਾਛੇ ਸੁੰਦਰਿ ਮੁਹਿ ਬੁਰਿ ਹੈ ॥੩੫॥

Meaning -After midnight had passed, lord command – when demon Swas Beeraj gets killed (by you), after that you will be able to marry me

The verse means that when lustful tendencies get destroyed from the breath (Swas) of society (i.e when even minute dormant urges are eliminated), woman’s only motive would be to attain Akal Purakh. According to the story, Baala fought ferociously and as a result many infamous demons got killed.
She has been given the name ‘ਕਾਲਕਾ’ (Kaalka) in verse no. 52, i.e. woman has been depicted as competent Devi. At this stage, ‘Kaal Purakh’ manifests himself in front of Baala, who bows in reverence and requests his help to eliminate demonic forces. Kaal Purakh agrees and they both join hands together in destroying the demons. It is worthy to note that in almost all episodes of Sri Granth Sahib Ji where Devi is mentioned, the prime motive is to provide befitting veneration and infuse such self-determination in woman so that she could even outperform men in the destroying the evil, i.e. men and women could be of assistance to each other. Guruji is not in favour of any sort of imbalance in society; he neither favours male-dominant nor female-dominant social structure. He is staunch supporter of absolute equality and fair justice to everyone. The plan to uproot sexist attitudes and gender discrimination comes to fruition in ‘Sabudh Baach’. If these stories appear to have Puranic connotations, it is simply because during the time of Guruji’s social revolution, Puranas and their contents were deeply imbibed in society’s psyche for centuries. The only motive of Puranic references in Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji is to infuse passion for Dharam Yudh in minds of people. In the story, when Shiv (the Mahakaal of Shaakatpanthis) witnesses formidable alliance of Kaal and Baala proving relentless in war, his throne starts to shake:

Quote

ਮਹਾਦੇਵ ਆਸਨ ਤੇ ਟਰਾ ॥ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਤ੍ਰਸਤ ਬੂਟ ਮਹਿ ਦੁਰਾ ॥ ਨਿਰਖਿ ਬਿਸਨ ਰਨ ਅਧਿਕ ਡਰਾਨਾ ॥ ਦੁਰਾ ਸਿੰਧ ਕੇ ਬੀਚ ਲਜਾਨਾ ॥੮੦॥

Meaning -Mahadev (shiva) got scared and left his throne; Brahma got scared and hid in his lotus; Vishnu also got petrified; (and) hid under the ocean.

The poet has also exemplified ‘Kaal Purakh’ in the following verses, as:

Quote

ਤੁਮ ਹੋ ਸਕਲ ਲੋਕ ਸਿਰਤਾਜਾ ॥ ਗਰਬਨ ਗੰਜ ਗਰੀਬ ਨਿਵਾਜਾ ॥ ਆਦਿ ਅਕਾਲ ਅਜੋਨਿ ਬਿਨਾ ਭੈ ॥ ਨਿਰਬਿਕਾਰ ਨਿਰਲੰਬ ਜਗਤ ਮੈ ॥੯੧॥
ਨਿਰਬਿਕਾਰ ਨਿਰਜੁਰ ਅਬਿਨਾਸੀ ॥ ਪਰਮ ਜੋਗ ਕੇ ਤਤੁ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸੀ ॥ ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ ਨਵ ਨਿਤ੍ਯ ਸੁਯੰਭਵ ॥ ਤਾਤ ਮਾਤ ਜਹ ਜਾਤ ਨ ਬੰਧਵ ॥੯੨॥
ਸਤ੍ਰੁ ਬਿਹੰਡ ਸੁਰਿਦਿ ਸੁਖਦਾਇਕ ॥ ਚੰਡ ਮੁੰਡ ਦਾਨਵ ਕੇ ਘਾਇਕ ॥ ਸਤਿ ਸੰਧਿ ਸਤਿਤਾ ਨਿਵਾਸਾ ॥ ਭੂਤ ਭਵਿਖ ਭਵਾਨ ਨਿਰਾਸਾ ॥੯੩॥
ਆਦਿ ਅਨੰਤ ਅਰੂਪ ਅਭੇਸਾ ॥ ਘਟ ਘਟ ਭੀਤਰ ਕੀਯਾ ਪ੍ਰਵੇਸਾ ॥ ਅੰਤਰ ਬਸਤ ਨਿਰੰਤਰ ਰਹਈ ॥ ਸਨਕ ਸਨੰਦ ਸਨਾਤਨ ਕਹਈ ॥੯੪॥
ਆਦਿ ਜੁਗਾਦਿ ਸਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਭੁ ਏਕੈ ॥ ਧਰਿ ਧਰਿ ਮੂਰਤਿ ਫਿਰਤਿ ਅਨੇਕੈ ॥ ਸਭ ਜਗ ਕਹ ਇਹ ਬਿਧਿ ਭਰਮਾਯਾ ॥ ਆਪੇ ਏਕ ਅਨੇਕ ਦਿਖਾਯਾ ॥੯੫॥
ਘਟ ਘਟ ਮਹਿ ਸੋਇ ਪੁਰਖ ਬ੍ਯਾਪਕ ॥ ਸਕਲ ਜੀਵ ਜੰਤਨ ਕੇ ਥਾਪਕ ॥ ਜਾ ਤੇ ਜੋਤਿ ਕਰਤ ਆਕਰਖਨ ॥ ਤਾ ਕਹ ਕਹਤ ਮ੍ਰਿਤਕ ਜਗ ਕੇ ਜਨ ॥੯੬॥
ਤੁਮ ਜਗ ਕੇ ਕਾਰਨ ਕਰਤਾਰਾ ॥ ਘਟਿ ਘਟਿ ਕੀ ਮਤਿ ਜਾਨਨਹਾਰਾ ॥ ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ ਨਿਰਵੈਰ ਨਿਰਾਲਮ ॥ ਸਭ ਹੀ ਕੇ ਮਨ ਕੀ ਤੁਹਿ ਮਾਲਮ ॥੯੭॥
ਤੁਮ ਹੀ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਬਿਸਨ ਬਨਾਯੋ ॥ ਮਹਾ ਰੁਦ੍ਰ ਤੁਮ ਹੀ ਉਪਜਾਯੋ ॥ ਤੁਮ ਹੀ ਰਿਖਿ ਕਸਪਹਿ ਬਨਾਵਾ ॥ ਦਿਤ ਅਦਿਤ ਜਨ ਬੈਰ ਬਢਾਵਾ ॥੯੮॥
ਜਗ ਕਾਰਨ ਕਰੁਨਾਨਿਧਿ ਸ੍ਵਾਮੀ ॥ ਕਮਲ ਨੈਨ ਅੰਤਰ ਕੇ ਜਾਮੀ ॥ ਦਯਾ ਸਿੰਧੁ ਦੀਨਨ ਕੇ ਦਯਾਲਾ ॥ ਹੂਜੈ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾਨਿਧਾਨ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾਲਾ ॥੯੯॥

Like the theme of compositions like ‘Krishnavtar’, in Subudh Baach too, characters like Khan, Mughals, Sayyed, and Sheikhs enter into battlefield to contend against Kaal Purakh. From the fire of Demons khans are born; and Mughals are born out of the fire from mouths of Pathans. Similarly, from the raging breath of Mughals, angry Sayyeds and Sheikhs are born. The opposers of Sri Dasam Granth find these descriptions meaningless while the fact is, these metaphorical statements exquisitely portrays similarities between the monstrosities of Mughals in India and evil Demons of Puranas. When Pathans invaded India, they burnt the Hindustanis with their fuming rage; when Mughals invaded, they put entire sub-continent into despair and turmoil. Similarly, Sayyeds and Sheikhs showered the locals with their extreme anger and hatred. No one came to India to establish peace and prosperity amongst the population. Just as demons like Nahar, Khan, Jharajhar Khan, Nihang Khan, Bharangh Khan, Jharangh Khan, Bairam Khan, Bahadur Khan, etc. fight against Mahakal, Mughals kept launching vitriolic attacks against religious beliefs of the people of India.

In the story, Mahakal has been portrayed in contemporary context, which provides clear hints that this Mahakal is certainly not Mahakal of Shaakats, because there is absolutely no references to wars between Mughals and Mahakal in any earlier historical or mythological episodes. This Mahakal is the One who has been constantly battling against unholy and impious forces right from Satjug to Kaljug, the present time of Guruji. Therefore, the Mahakal of Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji is none other than the ever-omnipresent Akal Purakh Waheguru. In the story, Mughals do not get scared when Mahakal first destroys Pathans. However, they flee when He starts annihilating them too. Then, He wipes out the Sayyeds and next in line are the Sheikhs. The word Sheikh refers to those sufis who had a definite, albeit implicit, religious agenda of initiating massive wave of conversions in India. They had totally different methodology of converting people than someone like Aurangzeb, nevertheless motives were the same. Descriptions of Mahakal destroying the very existence of all ‘Turks’ represents Sri Guruji’s wish to eradicate the process of conversions, because they were inhumane and downright ugly. The opposers of Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji should never forget that someone who can turn any war episode to fit contemporary issues most certainly cannot be a Pandit of Puranas. He can only be a far-sighted leader whose aim is to break free the people of india from shackles of contemporary problems. There is another important facet to be kept in mind about Sabudh Baach – The protagonist Baala, who fought with immense courage on the advent of Satjug does not appear anywhere in this present episode for a long time. This, again, is a subtle hint that the present social order has rendered the otherwise capable woman absolutely powerless. However, she reappears in the form of Bhawani and joins Kaal Purakh again in war efforts once all the ‘Turk’ Demons have been destroyed. (A clear inspiration delivered through this event is, if women of today get up to fight against oppressors, they can also put an end to evil regimes.) In the end, the following verses appear, which we read daily in Chaupai Sahib:

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ਪੁਨਿ ਰਾਛਸ ਕਾ ਕਾਟਾ ਸੀਸਾ ॥ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਅਸਿਕੇਤੁ ਜਗਤ ਕੇ ਈਸਾ ॥ ਪੁਹਪਨ ਬ੍ਰਿਸਟਿ ਗਗਨ ਤੇ ਭਈ ॥ ਸਭਹਿਨ ਆਨਿ ਬਧਾਈ ਦਈ ॥੩੭੫॥
ਧੰਨ੍ਯ ਧੰਨ੍ਯ ਲੋਗਨ ਕੇ ਰਾਜਾ ॥ ਦੁਸਟਨ ਦਾਹ ਗਰੀਬ ਨਿਵਾਜਾ ॥ ਅਖਲ ਭਵਨ ਕੇ ਸਿਰਜਨਹਾਰੇ ॥ ਦਾਸ ਜਾਨਿ ਮੁਹਿ ਲੇਹੁ ਉਬਾਰੇ ॥੩੭੬॥

Sadh Sangat ji, please download the pdf containing the translation and analysis of Sri Charitropakhyan Bani. Please spread this around everywhere so that the sangat may wake up from the lies and slander that nindaks have spread about Gurbani.

Waheguru ji ka Khalsa    Waheguru ji ki Fathe!!


[Part IV] Charitropakhyan – Analysis and Clarifications of Charitars 25 – 403

Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa
Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh Guru Roop Sangat Jeo,

With Sri Guruji’s kirpa, the fourth article in the Charitropakhyan series is now complete. This article provides a summary of important Charitars, from no. 25 – No. 403, and attempts to refute the baseless and illogical arguments raised by ragi darshan and his band of nindaks from time to time. It is an important read in my opinion, because allegations like Sri Dasam Granth Sahib ji promotes Brahmanical ideas are aptly refuted with proper quotes. As with the previous articles, this one is also extensively based on Dr. Harbhajan Singh Ji’s book while translations are from Gyani Narain Singh Ji’s steek.

[Part IV] Charitropakhyan – Analysis and Clarifications of Charitars 25 – 403


The king in Charitar No. 25 (ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਕੁਮਾਰੀ – Story of Prem Kumari) is an infertile aged man . Concerned about the lack of heir, his politically conscious wife makes physical relations with another man. It is important to note that it is the adulterous nature of the king that has brought about this situation. In Charitar No. 27 (ਬਿਓਮ ਕਲਾ – Story of Beom Kalaa), a similar story is depicted where the protagonist queen is forced to drop her morality because her husband is an old man incapable of procreating. The woman in Charitar No. 28 (ਸੂਰਛਟ – Story of Soorchatt) is extremely beautiful while her husband is disgustingly ugly. 30th Charitar (ਚਾਚਰ ਮਤੀ – Chaachar Mati) tells the story of a queen whose husband is one-eyed and she falls for a wandering juggler. In Charitar No. 32 (ਰਸ ਮੰਜਰੀ – Rass Manjari), the wise protagonist woman Rass Manjari kills the thieves. 49th Charitar (ਨੰਦ ਮਤੀ – Nand Mati) is the story of a woman named Nand Mati, who lives with her husband in Anandpur. Her husband keeps idling in Guruji’s court the whole day while she keeps her engrossed with other men:

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ਤਾ ਕੇ ਧਾਮ ਬਹੁਤ ਜਨ ਆਵੈ ॥ ਨਿਸ ਦਿਨ ਤਾ ਸੋ ਭੋਗ ਕਮਾਵੈ ॥ ਸੋ ਜੜ ਪਰਾ ਹਮਾਰੇ ਰਹਈ ॥ ਤਾ ਕੋ ਕਛੂ ਨ ਮੁਖ ਤੇ ਕਹਈ ॥੨॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਉਹਦੇ ਘਰ ਬਹੁਤ ਲੋਕ ਰਾਤ ਦਿਨ ਆਉਂਦੇ ਸਨ ਤੇ ਉਹਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਭੋਗ-ਬਿਲਾਸ ਕਰਦੇ ਸਨ, ਉਹ ਮੂਰਖ ਸਾਡੇ ਕੋਲ ਬੈਠਾ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਸੀ ਤੇ ਉਸ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਮੂੰਹੋ ਕਦੀ ਕੁਝ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਹਿੰਦਾ ਸੀ ।

The message being given through this story is that it is not a religious obligation to keep sitting in places of worship; it is important to live in and take care of the household affairs too. This is an appropriate admonition for those people who ignore their household responsibilities by staying only at religious places. The story of Charitar No. 80 (ਰਾਧਾ – Radha) is worth paying proper attention to. Under the influence of pessimistic talks of a Yogi, the king in the story makes up his mind to become yogi too. But his thoughtful wife correctly guides him thus:

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ਜੋ ਨ੍ਰਿਪ ਨ੍ਯਾਇ ਕਰੈ ਨਹੀ ਬੋਲਤ ਝੂਠ ਬਨਾਇ ॥ ਰਾਜ ਤ੍ਯਾਗ ਤਪਸ੍ਯਾ ਕਰੈ ਪਰੈ ਨਰਕ ਮਹਿ ਜਾਇ ॥੯੧॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਜੋ ਰਾਜਾ ਇਨਸਾਫ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਦਾ ਤੇ ਝੂਠ ਬੋਲਦਾ ਹੈ, ਰਾਜ ਛੱਡਕੇ ਤਪੱਸਿਆ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਨਰਕ ਵਿਚ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ।

In this Charitar, woman’s extremely sharp and constructive reasoning is portrayed; the prudent character of queen is able to bring the king back from the path of renunciation and onto the path of Raj-Yog:

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ਮਹਾਰਾਜ ਜੈਸੀ ਸੁਨਿ ਬਾਨੀ ॥ ਚਿਤ ਕੈ ਬਿਖੈ ਸਾਚ ਕਰਿ ਮਾਨੀ ॥ ਦਿਨ ਕੌ ਰਾਜੁ ਆਪਨੌ ਕਰਿਹੌ ॥ ਪਰੇ ਰਾਤ੍ਰਿ ਕੇ ਰਾਮ ਸੰਭਰਿਹੌ ॥੯੬

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਰਾਜੇ ਨੇ ਇਹ ਆਕਾਸ਼ ਬਾਣੀ ਸੁਣਕੇ ਉਹਨੂੰ ਮਨ ਵਿਚ ਸਚ ਕਰਕੇ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਕਿ ਦਿਨ ਸਮੇਂ ਮੈਂ ਰਾਜ ਕਰਾਂਗਾ ਅਤੇ ਰਾਤ ਸਮੇਂ ਪ੍ਰਮੇਸ਼ਰ ਦਾ ਭਜਨ ਕਰਾਂਗਾ ।

Charitar No. 119 (ਰਾਜਕੁਮਾਰੀ ਰੁਦ੍ਰਕਲਾ – Rajkumari RudraKalaa)has been a particular target of intense criticism. It’s story is associated with the practice of sorcery, black magic, incantations, Rudra-Kala and Sambraatra in a state called ਤਿਰਹੁਤ (Terhut). In actuality, the word ਤਿਰਹੁਤ is a corrupted form of word ਤ੍ਰਿਪੁਰ+ਹਤ (Tripur+hatt), used for Shiva. ਸੰਬਰਾਤ੍ਰਿ (Sambraatra) is again used for Shiva and Rudrakalaa, the protagonist of the story, is ‘ਰੁਦ੍ਰ-ਸ਼ਿਵ’ (Rudra-Shiva), the wife of Shiva. The real motive of this story is to negate and criticise the Yantra-Mantra-Tantra (to possess and control, use of magic mantras, sorcery as specified in tantra-shastars) meditation techniques practised by the worshippers of Shiva. The abundance of vulgar words in this story is to reflect and highlight the filth propagated by Tantric faiths. The episode has been written with the specific purpose of repudiation of Shaatvik and similar faiths, therefore it is absolutely inappropriate and irresponsible to associate Charitropakhyan with practitioners of such belief systems. The next Charitar (No. 120 – ਵਿਸ਼ਨੂੰ – Vishnu) is also linked to Shiva, in which his rage is depicted as the root cause of creation of demons.

Charitar No. 266 (ਰਨਖੰਬ ਕਲਾ- RanKhambh Kala ) needs to be analysed in detail because there are lots of questions raised against it by the opposers of Sri Dasam Granth. They also love to distort the meanings of this Charitar in attempt to register an obscene version in the mind of readers, whereas in reality, this lengthy and important Charitar inspires the readers to renounce false beliefs of idol-worship and live in the remembrance of that one and only Akal Purakh Waheguru Ji. This advice comes from the female protagonist of the Charitar, which signifies their highly sensitive and conscious mind. In fact, it is a perfect tribute to the female’s intellectual awareness and rationality against idol-worship, an example which is extremely rare to find in other religious texts of the world. King Sumatt Sen (In most stories, the characters have been named in accordance with their characteristics and personality traits) has one extremely beautiful daughter named Rankhambh Kala and four gallant sons – Saardul Dhuj, Naahar Dhuj, Singh Ket, and Har Ket. The king, in order to get his daughter educated, had given lots of money to a karam-kaandi Brahman expert in religious texts, their grammar and Vedas. One day, the princess goes to the Brahman. With folded hands, the Brahman kept bowing his head repeatedly in front of an idol. The princess laughed and asked him, ‘Why are doing praying in front of this stone with folded hands?’. The Brahman replied, ‘O Princess! The idol you are referring to is not a stone, it is God.’ It is very important for the readers to know the replies made by the princess to refute the Brahman, because it is a vital component of the moral lessons delivered by the Charitars:

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ਤਾਹਿ ਪਛਾਨਤ ਹੈ ਨ ਮਹਾ ਜੜ ਜਾ ਕੋ ਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਤਿਹੂੰ ਪੁਰ ਮਾਹੀ ॥ ਪੂਜਤ ਹੈ ਪ੍ਰਭੁ ਕੈ ਤਿਸ ਕੌ ਜਿਨ ਕੇ ਪਰਸੇ ਪਰਲੋਕ ਪਰਾਹੀ ॥
ਪਾਪ ਕਰੋ ਪਰਮਾਰਥ ਕੈ ਜਿਹ ਪਾਪਨ ਤੇ ਅਤਿ ਪਾਪ ਡਰਾਹੀ ॥ ਪਾਇ ਪਰੋ ਪਰਮੇਸ੍ਵਰ ਕੇ ਪਸੁ ਪਾਹਨ ਮੈ ਪਰਮੇਸ੍ਵਰ ਨਾਹੀ ॥੧੨॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਰਾਜ ਕੁਮਾਰੀ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ ਕਿ ਮੂਰਖ ਲੋਕ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਨੂੰ ਪਛਾਣਦੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਹਨ ਜਿਸਦਾ ਪਰਤਾਪ ਤਿੰਨਾਂ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਵਿਆਪਕ ਹੈ । ਜੋ ਇਸ ਪੱਥਰ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਸਮਝਕੇ ਪੂਜਦੇ ਹਨ, ਉਸ ਨਾਲ ਪਰਲੋਕ ਹੋਰ ਵੀ ਦੂਰ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ । ਪਰਮਾਰਥ ਦੇ ਨਾਂ ਤਾ ਏਨੇ ਪਾਪ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ ਕ੍ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਪਾਪਾਂ ਵੱਲ ਵੇਖ ਕੇ ਪਾਪ ਖੁਦ ਸ਼ਰਮਸਾਰ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ । ਹੇ ਮੂਰਖ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ਰ ਦੇ ਚਰਨਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਡਿੱਗ, ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਪੱਥਰਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ ।

Meaning - O fool!; Do you not recognise God, who is omnipresent in all three worlds? You worship this stone, which pushes you (further) away from God. You perform sins on pretext of faith, looking at which, even sin get ashamed. O fool! Drop at the feet of Lord, there is no God exclusively in stones.

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ਜੀਵਨ ਮੈ ਜਲ ਮੈ ਥਲ ਮੈ ਸਭ ਰੂਪਨ ਮੈ ਸਭ ਭੂਪਨ ਮਾਹੀ ॥ ਸੂਰਜ ਮੈ ਸਸਿ ਮੈ ਨਭ ਮੈ ਜਹ ਹੇਰੌ ਤਹਾ ਚਿਤ ਲਾਇ ਤਹਾ ਹੀ ॥
ਪਾਵਕ ਮੈ ਅਰੁ ਪੌਨ ਹੂੰ ਮੈ ਪ੍ਰਿਥਵੀ ਤਲ ਮੈ ਸੁ ਕਹਾ ਨਹਿ ਜਾਹੀ ॥ ਬ੍ਯਾਪਕ ਹੈ ਸਭ ਹੀ ਕੇ ਬਿਖੈ ਕਛੁ ਪਾਹਨ ਮੈ ਪਰਮੇਸ੍ਵਵਰ ਨਾਹੀ ॥੧੩॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਪਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਸਭ ਵਿਚ ਵਸਦਾ ਹੈ । ਜਲ ਵਿਚ ਥਲ ਵਿਚ ਸਾਰਿਆਂ ਰੂਪਾਂ ਵਿਚ, ਰਾਜਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ, ਸੂਰਜ ਵਿਚ ਚੰਦ੍ਰਮਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਭਾਵ ਉਹ ਹਰ ਥਾਂ ਹੈ, ਜੇ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਮਨ ਲਾਕੇ ਭਾਲਿਆ ਜਾਵੇ । ਅੱਗ, ਹਵਾ, ਪ੍ਰਿਥਵੀ ਅਤੇ ਭਲਾ ਉਹ ਕਿਥੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਪਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਸਭ ਵਿਚ ਵਿਆਪਕ ਹੈ । ਇਸ ਲਈ ਹੇ ਮੂਰਖ ਉਹ ਕੇਵਲ ਪੱਥਰਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਹੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ ।

Meaning -(That) God has manifested Himself everywhere; in water, on land, in all lifeforms, in every king, in the sun, in the moon, in the sky; He can be realised with love and grace in any of them. In fire, in air, on land; there is no place where He is not present. (He) is omnipresent in everything, and not just in stones.

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ਕਾਗਜ ਦੀਪ ਸਭੈ ਕਰਿ ਕੈ ਅਰੁ ਸਾਤ ਸਮੁੰਦ੍ਰਨ ਕੀ ਮਸੁ ਕੈਯੈ ॥ ਕਾਟਿ ਬਨਾਸਪਤੀ ਸਿਗਰੀ ਲਿਖਬੇ ਹੂੰ ਕੌ ਲੇਖਨਿ ਕਾਜ ਬਨੈਯੈ ॥
ਸਾਰਸ੍ਵਤੀ ਬਕਤਾ ਕਰਿ ਕੈ ਸਭ ਜੀਵਨ ਤੇ ਜੁਗ ਸਾਠਿ ਲਿਖੈਯੈ ॥ ਜੋ ਪ੍ਰਭੁ ਪਾਯੁਤ ਹੈ ਨਹਿ ਕੈਸੇ ਹੂੰ ਸੋ ਜੜ ਪਾਹਨ ਮੌ ਠਹਰੈਯੈ ॥੧੪॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਜੇ ਸਾਰੀ ਧਰਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਕਾਗਜ਼ ਬਣਾਇਆ ਜਾਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਸੱਤਾਂ ਸਮੁੰਦਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਿਆਹੀ ਬਣਾਇਆ ਜਾਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਰੀ ਬਨਾਸਪਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਕਲਮ ਬਣਾਇਆ ਜਾਵੇ, ਸਰਸਵਤੀ ਖੁਦ ਬੋਲੇ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਜੀਵਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਸੱਠਾਂ ਜੁਗਾਂ ਤਕ ਵੀ ਲਿਖਿਆ ਜਾਵੇ, ਤਦ ਵੀ ਉਸ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦਾ ਰਹਿਸ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਣਿਆਂ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ । ਹੇ ਮੂਰਖ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਪੱਥਰਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਮੰਨ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ ।

Meaning - (If we) make the whole earth (our) paper, and seven seas the ink; the entire vegetation cut down to make writing devices; (if we) get Saraswati as the narrator and entire mankind as scribe, (if we) get them to write continuously for 60 yugs (ages), (even then) nobody can find out the mysterious ways of the Lord. O fool! (and you think) you have got Him manifested in this stone.

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ਏ ਜਨ ਭੇਵ ਨ ਹਰਿ ਕੋ ਪਾਵੈ ॥ ਪਾਹਨ ਮੈ ਹਰਿ ਕੌ ਠਹਰਾਵੈ ॥
ਜਿਹ ਕਿਹ ਬਿਧਿ ਲੋਗਨ ਭਰਮਾਹੀ ॥ ਗ੍ਰਿਹ ਕੋ ਦਰਬੁ ਲੂਟਿ ਲੈ ਜਾਹੀ ॥੧੫॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਜੋ ਪੱਥਰਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਨੂੰ ਮੰਨਦਾ ਹੈ ਉਹ ਉਸ ਦਾ ਭੇਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਪਾ ਸਕਦਾ । ਜਿਵੇਂ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਉਹ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਭਰਮ ਵਿਚ ਪਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਘਰਾਂ ਦਾ ਧਨ ਲੁੱਟ ਕੇ ਲੈ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ।

Meaning -Anyone who believes God is only established in idols will never be able to realise His true nature. (You) misguide people in one way or another and vanish after robbing them off their wealth.

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ਜਗ ਮੈ ਆਪੁ ਕਹਾਵਈ ਪੰਡਿਤ ਸੁਘਰ ਸੁਚੇਤ ॥ ਪਾਹਨ ਕੀ ਪੂਜਾ ਕਰੈ ਯਾ ਤੇ ਲਗਤ ਅਚੇਤ ॥੧੬॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਸੰਸਾਰ ਵਿਚ ਤਾਂ ਇਹ ਲੋਕ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਪੰਡਤ, ਸੁੱਘੜ ਅਤੇ ਸੁਚੇਤ ਕਹਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ ਪਰ ਪੱਥਰਾਂ ਦੀ ਪੁਜਾ ਕਰਦੇ ਇਹ ਬੀਲਕੁਲ ਮੂਰਖ ਲਗਦੇ ਹਨ ।

Meaning - (You) claim to be scholar, agile and wise; (you) worship the stones, that is why (you) look like a fool.

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ਚਿਤ ਭੀਤਰ ਆਸਾ ਧਨ ਧਾਰੈ ॥ ਸਿਵ ਸਿਵ ਸਿਵ ਮੁਖ ਤੇ ਉਚਾਰੈ ॥
ਅਧਿਕ ਡਿੰਭ ਕਰਿ ਜਗਿ ਦਿਖਾਵੈ ॥ ਦ੍ਵਾਰ ਦ੍ਵਾਰ ਮਾਗਤ ਨ ਲਜਾਵੈ ॥੧੭॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਮਨ ਵਿਚ ਹਰ ਵੇਲੇ ਧਨ ਦੀ ਆਸ ਲਾਈ ਰੱਖਦੇ ਹਨ ਪਰ ਮੁੰਹ ਤੋਂ ‘ਸ਼ਿਵ ਸ਼ਿਵ’ ਉਚਾਰਣ ਕਰਦੇ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ । ਜਗਤ ਵਿਚ ਬੜੇ ਪਖੰਡ ਅਤੇ ਚਲਿੱਤਰ ਵਖਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ ਪਰ ਦਰ ਦਰ ਮੰਗਦੇ ਸ਼ਰਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਖਾਂਦੇ

Meaning - In (your) heart, you hope for money (etc.) while chant ‘Shiv, Shiv’ from (your) mouth. (You) take up many appearances to trick the world, (but) are not ashamed to beg from door to door.

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ਨਾਕ ਮੂੰਦਿ ਕਰਿ ਚਾਰਿ ਘਰੀ ਠਾਢੇ ਰਹੈ ॥ ਸਿਵ ਸਿਵ ਸਿਵ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਏਕ ਚਰਨ ਇਸਥਿਤ ਕਹੈ ॥
ਜੋ ਕੋਊ ਪੈਸਾ ਏਕ ਦੇਤ ਕਰਿ ਆਇ ਕੈ ॥ ਹੋ ਦਾਤਨ ਲੇਤ ਉਠਾਇ ਸਿਵਹਿ ਬਿਸਰਾਇ ਕੈ ॥੧੮॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਨੱਕ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਕੇ ਇਹ ਚਾਰ ਘੜੀਆਂ ਤਕ ਖੜੇ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ‘ਸ਼ਿਵ ਸ਼ਿਵ’ ਇਕ ਪੈਰ ਤੇ ਖੜੇ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ । ਜੇ ਕੋਈ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਕੇ ਇਕ ਪੈਸਾ ਵੀ ਦਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾਂ ਇਹ ਓਸੇ ਵੇਲੇ ਸ਼ਿਵ ਦਾ ਸਿਮਰਣ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਕੇ ਉਸ ਦਾਨ ਨੂੰ ਚੁਕਣ ਵਿਚ ਲਗ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ ।

Meaning – (You) keep holding you breath for few moments and keep chanting ‘Shiv Shiv’ by standing on one leg. If someone comes and gives (you) even one paisa, (you) forget your chants and get busy picking it up with your teeth [like a greedy dog].

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ਔਰਨੁਪਦੇਸ਼ ਕਰੈ ਆਪੁ ਧਯਾਨ ਕੌ ਨ ਧਰੈ ਲੋਗਨ ਕੌ ਸਦਾ ਤਯਾਗ ਧਨ ਕੋ ਦ੍ਰਿੜਾਤ ਹੈ ॥ ਤੇਹੀ ਧਨ ਲੋਭ ਊਚ ਨੀਚਨ ਕੋ ਦ੍ਵਾਰ ਦ੍ਵਾਰ ਲਾਜ ਕੌ ਤਿਯਾਗ ਜੇਹੀ ਤੇਹੀ ਪੈ ਘਿਘਾਤ ਹੈ ॥
ਕਹਤ ਪਵਿੱਤ੍ਰ ਹਮ ਰਹਤ ਅਪਵਿੱਤ੍ਰ ਖਰੇ ਚਾਕਰੀ ਮਲੇਛਨ ਕੀ ਕੈਕੈ ਟੂਕ ਖਾਤ ਹੈ ॥ ਬਡੇ ਅਸੰਤੋਖੀ ਹੈਂ ਕਹਾਵਤ ਸੰਤੋਖੀ ਮਹਾਂ ਏਕ ਦ੍ਵਾਰ ਛਾਡਿ ਮਾਂਗਿ ਦ੍ਵਾਰੇ ਦ੍ਵਾਰੇ ਜਾਤ ਹੈ ॥੧੯॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਦੂਸਰਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਉਪਦੇਸ਼ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਖ਼ੁਦ ਉਸ ਉਪਦੇਸ਼ ਵਲ ਧਿਆਨ ਵੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਅਤੇ ਇਹ ਲੋਕ ਦੂਸਰੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਤਿਆਗ ਦਾ ਉਪਦੇਸ਼ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ । ਪਰ ਓਸ ਧਨ ਦੇ ਲੋਭ ਖਾਤਰ ਇਹ ਊਚ ਨੀਚ ਦਾ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਕੀਤੇ ਬਿਨਾਂ ਦਰ ਦਰ ਫਿਰਦੇ ਹਨ ਹਰ ਇਕ ਅਗੇ ਤਰਲੇ ਕਢਦੇ ਹਨ । ਆਪ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਕਿ ਅਸੀਂ ਪਵਿਤਰ ਹਾਂ, ਪਰ ਅਸਲ ਵਿਚ ਅਪਵਿਤਰ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਆਪ ਇਹ ਮਲੇਛਾਂ ਦੀ ਨੌਕਰੀ ਕਰਕੇ ਰੋਟੀ ਦਾ ਟੁਕੜਾ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ । ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਕਿ ਅਸੀਂ ਬਹੁਤ ਸੰਤੋਖੀ ਹਾਂ, ਪਰ ਅਸਲ ਵਿਚ ਪਰਮ ਅਸੰਤੋਖੀ ਹਨ । ਉਹ ਇਕ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦੇ ਦਵਾਰ ਨੂੰ ਛੱਡ ਕੇ ਹੋਰ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਦਰਵਾਜ਼ਿਆਂ ਤੇ ਜਾ ਕੇ ਮੰਗਦੇ ਹਨ ।

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ਮਾਟੀ ਕੇ ਸ਼ਿਵ ਬਨਾਏ ਪੂਜਿਕੈ ਬਹਾਇ ਆਏ ਆਇਕੈ ਬਨਾਏ ਫੇਰਿ ਮਾਟੀ ਕੇ ਸੁਧਾਰਿਕੈ ॥ ਤਾਕੇ ਪਾਏ ਪਰਯੋ ਮਾਥੋ ਘਰੀ ਦ੍ਵੈ ਰਗਰਯੋ ਐ ਰੇ ਤਾਂ ਮੈ ਕਹਾ ਹੈ ਰੇ ਦੈਹੈ ਤੋਹਿ ਕੌ ਬਿਚਾਰਕੈ ॥
ਲਿੰਗ ਕੀ ਤੂ ਪੂਜਾ ਕਰੈ ਸ਼ੰਭੁ ਜਾਨਿ ਪਾਇ ਪਰੈ ਸੋਈ ਅੰਤ ਦੈਹੈ ਤੇਰੇ ਕਰ ਨਿਕਾਰ ਕੈ ॥ ਦੁਹਿਤਾ ਕੌ ਦੈਹੈ ਕੀ ਤੂੰ ਆਪਨ ਖਬੈਹੈ ਤਾਕੌ ਯੌਹੀ ਤੋਹਿ ਮਾਰਿ ਹੈ ਸਦਾ ਸ਼ਿਵ ਖ੍ਵਾਰ ਕੈ ॥੨੦॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਇਹ ਮਿਟੀ ਦੇ ਸ਼ਿਵਜੀ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ, ਉਸ ਦੀ ਪੂਜਾ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਫਿਰ ਉਸਨੂੰ ਪਾਣੀ ਵਿਚ ਰੋੜ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਫਿਰ ਦਬਾਰਾ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਨੂੰ ਗੋਹ ਕੇ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ । ਤੁਸੀਂ ਉਸ ਦੇ ਪੈਰੀਂ ਪੈਂਦੇ ਹੋ, ਮੱਥੇ ਰਗੜਦੇ ਹੋ: ਹੇ ਮੂਰਖੋ ਉਸ ਮਿਟੀ ਦੇ ਬੁੱਤ ਪਾਸ ਕੀ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦੇਵੇਗਾ । ਤੁਸੀਂ ਉਸ ਦੇ ਲਿੰਗ ਦੀ ਪੂਜਾ ਕਰਦੇ ਹੋ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਿਵਜੀ ਸਮਝਕੇ ਉਸ ਦੇ ਪੈਰੀਂ ਪੈਂਦੇ ਹੋ । ਫਿਰ ਤਾਂ ਉਹ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਉਹੀ ਕੱਢ ਕੇ ਦੇਵੇਗਾ ਜਿਸਦੀ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਪੂਜਾ ਕਰਦੇ ਹੋ । ਕੀ ਉਸ ਲਿੰਗ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀ ਪੁੱਤਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਵੇਂਗਾ ਜਾਂ ਖ਼ੁਦ ਹੀ ਚੱਬ ਲਵੇਂਗਾ ? ਸ਼ਿਵਜੀ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਉਥੇ ਹੀ ਖਿੱਚ ਕੇ ਮਾਰੇਗਾ ।

Meaning -(You) make clay Shivas and throw it in water after worshipping it and then knead clay to make some (more). (You) fall in the feet (of that idol) and rub foreheads; O (fool!), just think what it has got that it will give (you)? (You) worship its phallus and fall at its feet thinking it is Shiva. (Then) you will only get the thing that you worship (as reward). Will you give it (phallus) to your daughter or chew on it yourself? This is exactly how SadaShiv (God) will humiliate you.

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ਪਾਹਨ ਕੌ ਸਿਵ ਤੂ ਜੋ ਕਹੈ ਪਸੁ ਯਾ ਤੇ ਕਛੁ ਤੁਹਿ ਹਾਥ ਨ ਐ ਹੈ ॥ ਤ੍ਰੈਯਕ ਜੋਨਿ ਜੁ ਆਪੁ ਪਰਾ ਹਸਿ ਕੈ ਤੁਹਿ ਕੋ ਕਹੁ ਕਾ ਬਰੁ ਦੈ ਹੈ ॥
ਆਪਨ ਸੋ ਕਰਿ ਹੈ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਤੁਹਿ ਪਾਹਨ ਕੀ ਪਦਵੀ ਤਬ ਪੈ ਹੈ ॥ ਜਾਨੁ ਰੇ ਜਾਨੁ ਅਜਾਨ ਮਹਾ ਫਿਰਿ ਜਾਨ ਗਈ ਕਛੁ ਜਾਨਿ ਨ ਜੈ ਹੈ ॥੨੧॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਹੇ ਮੂਰਖ ਜਿਸ ਪੱਥਰ ਨੂੰ ਤੂੰ ਸ਼ਿਵਜੀ ਕਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈਂ ਉਸ ਪਾਸੋਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਕੁਝ ਨਹੀਂ ਮਿਲੇਗਾ । ਪੱਥਰ ਦੀ ਜੂਨ ਵਿਚ ਜਿਹੜਾ ਖ਼ੁਦ ਪਿਆ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਪ੍ਰਸੰਨ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਕੀ ਵਰਦਾਨ ਦੇਵੇਗਾ ? ਉਹ ਪੱਥਰ ਵੀ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਵਰਗਾ ਪੱਥਰ ਬਣਾ ਲਵੇਗਾ ਅਤੇ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਪੱਥਰ ਦੀ ਪਦਵੀ ਦੇ ਦੇਵੇਗਾ । ਹੇ ਮੂਰਖ ਹੁਣ ਹੀ ਸਮਝ ਲੈ, ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿਚ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਇਸ ਦੀ ਸਮਝ ਨਹੀਂ ਆਉਣੀ ।

Meaning -O fool! The stone that you think is Shiva, (you) will not receive anything from it. That who itself has been reincarnated as stone, what can it give (you) if its pleased? It will make (you) like itself, then (you) will be conferred the title of stone. O fool! Be aware of this now!; (for you) will not be able to understand it later.

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ਬੈਸ ਗਈ ਲਰਿਕਾਪਨ ਮੋ ਤਰੁਨਾਪਨ ਮੈ ਨਹਿ ਨਾਮ ਲਯੋ ਰੇ ॥ ਔਰਨ ਦਾਨ ਕਰਾਤ ਰਹਾ ਕਰ ਆਪ ਉਠਾਇ ਨ ਦਾਨ ਦਯੋ ਰੇ ॥ ਪਾਹਨ ਕੋ ਸਿਰ ਨ੍ਯਾਤਨ ਤੈ ਪਰਮੇਸ੍ਵਰ ਕੌ ਸਿਰ ਨ੍ਯਾਤ ਭਯੋ ਰੇ ॥ ਕਾਮਹਿ ਕਾਮ ਫਸਾ ਘਰ ਕੇ ਜੜ ਕਾਲਹਿ ਕਾਲ ਕੈ ਕਾਲ ਗਯੋ ਰੇ ॥੨੨॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਲੜਕਪਨ ਤੇਰਾ ਉਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਬੀਤ ਗਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਜਵਾਨੀ ਵਿਚ ਤੂੰ ਉਸ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਪਿਆ । ਤੂੰ ਦੂਸਰਿਆਂ ਪਾਸੋਂ ਤੇ ਦਾਨ ਕਰਵਾਉਂਦਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਏਂ, ਪਰ ਆਪ ਹੱਥ ਚੁਕ ਕੇ ਕਦੀ ਵੀ ਕਿਸੇ ਨੂੰ ਦਾਨ ਨਹੀਂ ਦਿੱਤਾ । ਪੱਥਰ ਅਗੇ ਸਿਰ ਝੁਕਾ ਕੇ ਕੀ ਤੁੰ ਪਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਦਾ ਸਿਰ ਨੀਵਾਂ ਕਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈਂ, ਤੁੰ ਕਾਮਨਾਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਜਾਲ ਵਿਚ ਹੀ ਫਸਿਆ ਹੈਂ, ਹੇ ਮੂਰਖ ਕੱਲ ਕੱਲ ਕਰਦਿਆਂ ਸਾਰਾ ਜੀਵਨ ਹੀ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ ।

Meaning - (You) spent your life (unaware) in childhood and (you) did not remember Him in (your) youth. (You) kept getting others to donate, while (you) never lifted your hand to give donations (yourself). (You) have lowered God’s head by bowing in front of idols. O fool! (you) remained trapped in web of desires, saying ‘tomorrow, tomorrow’; (you) have wasted life away.
Meaning -(You) lecture others but do not follow the teachings (yourself) and (you) keep preaching others to renounce the love for money. In the greed of that money, (you) shamelessly keep begging at every door and from everyone, without considering their status. (You) say I am pure, but (in reality you) are highly impure (because) you work for the malechhs for bits of food. (You claim to be) content but in reality (you) are highly discontent (because you) leave God’s door and beg at every other door.


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ਦ੍ਵੈਕ ਪੁਰਾਨਨ ਕੌ ਪੜਿ ਕੈ ਤੁਮ ਫੂਲਿ ਗਏ ਦਿਜ ਜੂ ਜਿਯ ਮਾਹੀ ॥ ਸੋ ਨ ਪੁਰਾਨ ਪੜਾ ਜਿਹ ਕੇ ਇਹ ਠੌਰ ਪੜੇ ਸਭ ਪਾਪ ਪਰਾਹੀ ॥
ਡਿੰਭ ਦਿਖਾਇ ਕਰੋ ਤਪਸਾ ਦਿਨ ਰੈਨਿ ਬਸੈ ਜਿਯਰਾ ਧਨ ਮਾਹੀ ॥ ਮੂਰਖ ਲੋਗ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਨ ਕਰੈ ਇਨ ਬਾਤਨ ਕੌ ਹਮ ਮਾਨਤ ਨਾਹੀ ॥੨੩॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਹੇ ਪੰਡਤ ! ਤੂੰ ਇਕ ਦੋ ਪੁਰਾਣ ਪੜ੍ਹਕੇ ਮਨ ਵਿਚ ਫੁੱਲ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈਂ । ਤੂੰ ਉਹ ਪੁਰਾਣ ਨਹੀਂ ਪੜਿਆ ਜਿਸ ਦੇ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਨਾਲ ਸਾਰੇ ਪਾਪ ਨਸ਼ਟ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ । ਪਖੰਡ ਵਿਖਾਕੇ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਤਪੱਸਿਆ ਕਰਦੇ ਹੋ ਪਰ ਦਿਨ ਰਾਤ ਤੁਹਾਡਾ ਮਨ ਤਾਂ ਧਨ ਵਿਚ ਵਸਦਾ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ । ਮੂਰਖ ਲੋਕ ਭਾਵੇਂ ਤੁਹਾਡੀਆਂ ਗੱਲਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਨੀਕ ਮੰਨ ਲੈਣ, ਪਰ ਅਸੀਂ ਤਾਂ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਗੱਲਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੰਨ ਸਕਦੇ ।

Meaning - O Brahman! By reading one or two Puranas, (you) have become arrogant. But (you) have not read that Purana, reading which entire sins of the world are eradicated. You pretend to meditate, (but your) mind is engrossed with thoughts of money day and night. Fools may believe your theories, but I do not believe in any of them.

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ਕਾਹੇ ਕੋ ਕਾਜ ਕਰੋ ਇਤਨੀ ਤੁਮ ਪਾਹਨ ਕੋ ਕਿਹ ਕਾਜ ਪੁਜਾਵੋ ॥ ਕਾਹੇ ਕੋ ਡਿੰਭ ਕਰੋ ਜਗ ਮੈ ਇਹ ਲੋਕ ਗਯੋ ਪਰਲੋਕ ਗਵਾਵੋ ॥
ਝੂਠੇ ਨ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਉਪਦੇਸ ਕਰੋ ਜੋਊ ਚਾਹਤ ਹੋ ਧਨ ਲੌ ਹਰਖਾਵੋ ॥ ਰਾਜ ਕੁਮਾਰਨ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਦਿਯੋ ਸੁ ਦਿਯੋ ਬਹੁਰੌ ਹਮ ਕੌ ਨ ਸਿਖਾਵੋ ॥੨੪॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਕਿਉਂ ਏਨਾ ਕਾਰਜ ਕਰਦੇ ਹੋ ਅਤੇ ਇਸ ਪੱਥਰ ਲਈ ਸਭ ਕੁਝ ਪਹੁੰਚਾ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ ? ਕਿਉਂ ਇਸ ਜਗ ਵਿਚ ਪਖੰਡ ਕਰ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ ਤੁਹਾਡਾ ਇਕ ਲੋਕ ਤੇ ਗਿਆ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਆਪਣਾ ਪਰਲੋਕ ਵੀ ਗਵਾ ਲੈਣਾ ਹੈ । ਮੈਨੂੰ ਝੂਠੇ ਮੰਤਰ ਅਤੇ ਉਪਦੇਸ਼ ਨ ਦੇਵੋ ਜੋ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਹੋ, ਉਸ ਧਨ ਨੂੰ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਖੁਸ਼ ਹੋ ਜਾਵੋ । ਤੁਸੀਂ ਰਾਜ ਕੁਮਾਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਹੀ ਇਹ ਮੰਤਰ ਸਿਖਾਓ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਕੁਝ ਵੀ ਸਿਖਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਨਹੀਂ ।

The readers can now make up their own mind whether these supreme, inspirational precepts have been given by some avataree person or by some ordinary poet. Decide for yourself whether slander of such words is the path to emancipation or the path to hell? There are lots of similar motivational verses given in this long story. It appears as if it is neither the minister Bhoop dialogue, nor the advice given to the Brahman; instead, it is a divine message delivered to us by some enlightened soul:

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ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਦੇਤ ਸਿਖ ਅਪਨ ਕਰਤ ਹਿਤ ॥ ਜ੍ਯੋ ਤ੍ਯੋ ਭੇਟ ਲੈਤ ਤਾ ਤੇ ਬਿਤ ॥ ਸਤਿ ਬਾਤ ਤਾ ਕਹ ਨ ਸਿਖਾਵਹੁ ॥ ਤਾਹਿ ਲੋਕ ਪਰਲੋਕ ਗਵਾਵਹੁ ॥੨੮॥
ਸੁਨਹੁ ਬਿਪ ਤੁਮ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਦੇਤ ਜਿਹ ॥ ਲੂਟਿ ਲੇਤ ਤਿਹ ਘਰ ਬਿਧਿ ਜਿਹ ਕਿਹ ॥ ਤਾ ਕਹ ਕਛੂ ਗ੍ਯਾਨ ਨਹਿ ਆਵੈ ॥ ਮੂਰਖ ਅਪਨਾ ਮੂੰਡ ਮੁੰਡਾਵੈ ॥੨੯॥
ਤਿਹ ਤੁਮ ਕਹੁ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਸਿਧਿ ਹ੍ਵੈਹੈ ॥ ਮਹਾਦੇਵ ਤੋ ਕੌ ਬਰੁ ਦੈ ਹੈ ॥ ਜਬ ਤਾ ਤੇ ਨਹਿ ਹੋਤ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਸਿਧਿ ॥ ਤਬ ਤੁਮ ਬਚਨ ਕਹਤ ਹੌ ਇਹ ਬਿਧਿ ॥੩੦॥
ਕਛੂ ਕੁਕ੍ਰਿਯਾ ਤੁਮਤੇ ਭਯੋ ॥ ਤਾ ਤੇ ਦਰਸ ਨ ਸਿਵ ਜੂ ਦਯੋ ॥ ਅਬ ਤੈ ਪੁੰਨ੍ਯ ਦਾਨ ਦਿਜ ਕਰ ਰੇ ॥ ਪੁਨਿ ਸਿਵ ਕੇ ਮੰਤ੍ਰਹਿ ਅਨੁਸਰੁ ਰੇ ॥੩੧॥
ਉਲਟੋ ਡੰਡ ਤਿਸੀ ਤੇ ਲੇਹੀ ॥ ਪੁਨਿ ਤਿਹ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਰੁਦ੍ਰ ਕੋ ਦੇਹੀ ॥ ਭਾਤਿ ਭਾਤਿ ਤਾ ਕੌ ਭਟਕਾਵੈ ॥ ਅੰਤ ਬਾਰ ਇਮਿ ਭਾਖ ਸੁਨਾਵੈ ॥੩੨॥
ਤੋ ਤੇ ਕਛੁ ਅਛਰ ਰਹਿ ਗਯੋ ॥ ਤੈ ਕਛੁ ਭੰਗ ਕ੍ਰਿਯਾ ਤੇ ਭਯੋ ॥ ਤਾ ਤੇ ਤੁਹਿ ਬਰੁ ਰੁਦ੍ਰ ਨ ਦੀਨਾ ॥ ਪੁੰਨ੍ਯ ਦਾਨ ਚਹਿਯਤ ਪੁਨਿ ਕੀਨਾ ॥੩੩॥
ਇਹ ਬਿਧਿ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਸਿਖਾਵਤ ਤਾ ਕੋ ॥ ਲੂਟਾ ਚਾਹਤ ਬਿਪ੍ਰ ਘਰ ਜਾ ਕੋ ॥ ਜਬ ਵਹੁ ਦਰਬ ਰਹਤ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਜਾਈ ॥ ਔਰ ਧਾਮ ਤਬ ਚਲਤ ਤਕਾਈ ॥੩੪॥…
ਕਾਹੂ ਧਨ ਤ੍ਯਾਗ ਦ੍ਰਿੜਾਵਹਿ ॥ ਕਾਹੂ ਕੋ ਕੋਊ ਗ੍ਰਹਿ ਲਾਵਹਿ ॥ ਮਨ ਮਹਿ ਦਰਬ ਠਗਨ ਕੀ ਆਸਾ ॥ ਦ੍ਵਾਰ ਦ੍ਵਾਰ ਡੋਲਤ ਇਹ ਪ੍ਯਾਸਾ ॥੪੧॥

And extremely materialistic and greedy priests have been rebuked as:

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ਏਕਨ ਜੰਤ੍ਰ ਸਿਖਾਵਤ ਹੈ ਦਿਜ ਏਕਨ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਪ੍ਰਯੋਗ ਬਤਾਵੈ ॥ ਜੋ ਨ ਭਿਜੈ ਇਨ ਬਾਤਨ ਤੇ ਤਿਹ ਗੀਤਿ ਕਬਿਤ ਸਲੋਕ ਸੁਨਾਵੈ ॥
ਦ੍ਯੋਸ ਹਿਰੈ ਧਨ ਲੋਗਨ ਕੇ ਗ੍ਰਿਹ ਚੋਰੁ ਚਕੈ ਠਗ ਦੇਖਿ ਲਜਾਵੈ ॥ ਕਾਨਿ ਕਰੈ ਨਹਿ ਕਾਜੀ ਕੁਟਵਾਰ ਕੀ ਮੂੰਡਿ ਕੈ ਮੂੰਡਿ ਮੁਰੀਦਨ ਖਾਵੈ ॥੫੭॥

Meaning -To some, these Brahmans teach the art of Tantra and to others, they teach the use of different Mantras. Those who do not get influenced by any of these, they sing songs, sloks and kabits for them. (These Brahmans) are daylight robbers who steal money from people’s houses. (Their dexterity) amazes thieves and puts swindlers to shame. They have no fear of the priest or the law, and (they) do not hesitate to rip off even their own disciples.
Meaning - Why do (you) make such effort, for what do (you)worship this idol? Why do you deceit the world? (Your) current life is destroyed; (now you) will lose afterlife too. Do not preach (me) false mantras. Whatever amount of money (you) want, take it and be merry. The mantras you have taught the princes has been taught, but do not teach me (any mantras).

The adversaries of Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji make a big accusation that the spiritual head of this story is the Maha Kaal of Shaakat Panthis. It is important to mention here that the Brahman in this story worships Rudra-Shiva. It is also Shiva as Bhairo, husband of Bhairavi, he is also Mahakal and Rudra, etc. Following are a few references from other granths as proofs:

“He who sees wine, fish, meat, woman should salute the Bhairavi Devi and say Om! Salutation to the beloved of Siva, the remover of all obstacles”[Chapter 25, Shaakat NandatRangini]

“Sankara has as many aspects as there are Mahasaktis, He who worships Her ever worships Him as husband… He who worships the Devis pleases Rudra.”[Principles of Tantra, P.63]

“If it vexes Thee, drown me with a thrust of Thy foot, but then in so doing thou must first raise Thy foot from the breast of Mahakala (Siva). The Devi is represented as standing on Siva, who is, as it were, corpse, for he is bhokta only, whilst she is kartari.”[Principles of Tantra, P.63]

The Mahakal mentioned in the above story is the formless Waheguru – the creator of Brahma, Vishnu and Rudra-Shiv. It is the same Waheguru who, in the bani ‘Jaap’, has been referred to as ‘Sarb Kaal’; or ‘Kaalaan Kaal’;. The protagonist Rankhambh Kalaa preaches the Brahman to stop worshipping Rudra-Shiv and idols, and inspires him to worship the formless Mahakal instead. This Mahakal is different from Rudra-Shiv. See verse no. 96 below:

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ਏਕੈ ਮਹਾ ਕਾਲ ਹਮ ਮਾਨੈ ॥ ਮਹਾ ਰੁਦ੍ਰ ਕਹ ਕਛੂ ਨ ਜਾਨੈ ॥ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਬਿਸਨ ਕੀ ਸੇਵ ਨ ਕਰਹੀ ॥ ਤਿਨ ਤੇ ਹਮ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਨਹੀ ਡਰਹੀ ॥੯੬॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਰਾਜਕੁਮਾਰੀ ਨੇ ਫਿਰ ਕਿਹਾ ਕਿ ਮੈਂ ਕੇਵਲ ਇਕ ਮਹਾਂਕਾਲ ਨੂੰ ਹੀ ਮੰਨਦੀ ਹਾਂ, ਮੈਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਮਹਾਂਰੁਦਰ ਨੂੰ ਕੁਝ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਮਝਦੀ । ਮੈਂ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾਂ ਬਿਸ਼ਨੂੰ ਦੀ ਵੀ ਸੇਵਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਾਂਗੀ ਅਤੇ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਪਾਸੋਂ ਰਤਾ ਭਰ ਵੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਡਰਾਂਗੀ ।

Meaning -(The princess then said) I only believe in One Mahakal, I do not give any importance to any Maha Rudra. I will (also) not worship Brahma or Vishnu, (nor) will I be fearful of them.

It is absolutely baseless to accuse Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji of having tendency to promote pro-Brahmanical philosophies. This Charitar staunchly criticises the ways of Brahmans and their deities, as:

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ਜੌ ਇਨ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਜੰਤ੍ਰ ਸਿਧਿ ਹੋਈ ॥ ਦਰ ਦਰ ਭੀਖਿ ਨ ਮਾਂਗੈ ਕੋਈ ॥ ਏਕੈ ਮੁਖ ਤੇ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਉਚਾਰੈ ॥ ਧਨ ਸੌ ਸਕਲ ਧਾਮ ਭਰਿ ਡਾਰੈ ॥੧੧੪॥
ਰਾਮ ਕ੍ਰਿਸਨ ਏ ਜਿਨੈ ਬਖਾਨੈ ॥ ਸਿਵ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਏ ਜਾਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਨੈ ॥ ਤੇ ਸਭ ਹੀ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਕਾਲ ਸੰਘਾਰੇ ॥ ਕਾਲ ਪਾਇ ਕੈ ਬਹੁਰਿ ਸਵਾਰੇ ॥੧੧੫॥
ਕੇਤੇ ਰਾਮਚੰਦ ਅਰੁ ਕ੍ਰਿਸਨਾ ॥ ਕੇਤੇ ਚਤੁਰਾਨਨ ਸਿਵ ਬਿਸਨਾ ॥ ਚੰਦ ਸੂਰਜ ਏ ਕਵਨ ਬਿਚਾਰੇ ॥ ਪਾਨੀ ਭਰਤ ਕਾਲ ਕੇ ਦ੍ਵਾਰੇ ॥੧੧੬॥
ਕਾਲ ਪਾਇ ਸਭ ਹੀ ਏ ਭਏ ॥ ਕਾਲੋ ਪਾਇ ਕਾਲ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਗਏ ॥ ਕਾਲਹਿ ਪਾਇ ਬਹੁਰਿ ਅਵਤਰਿ ਹੈ ॥ ਕਾਲਹਿ ਕਾਲ ਪਾਇ ਸੰਘਰਿ ਹੈ ॥੧੧੭॥

Meaning - If they had any powers in their (false) mantras, they would not beg at every doorstep. (They) chant mantras from mouth and (with that deceit) are able to collect large amounts of wealth. Ram, Krishna, Shiva, Brahma, etc. have all been destroyed and resurrected by Kaal.

By labelling the following verse of this Charitar-story, opposers do widespread slandering of Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji. Actually, they derive wrong meanings from it to project indecency. In reality, however, Rankhambh Kala, after getting fed up with the Brahman’s obstinacy and baseless logic,throws the stone phallus on his face and says the same phallus you worship everyday has struck you on your face today. The verse and its meanings are as follows:

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ਕਹੋ ਮਿਸ੍ਰ ਅਬ ਰੁਦ੍ਰ ਤਿਹਾਰੋ ਕਹ ਗਯੋ ॥ ਜਿਹ ਸੇਵਤ ਥੋ ਸਦਾ ਦਾਂਤਿ ਛੈ ਤਿਨ ਕਿਯੋ ॥ ਜਿਹ ਲਿੰਗਹਿ ਕੌ ਜਪਤੇ ਕਾਲ ਬਤਾਇਯੋ ॥ ਹੋ ਅੰਤ ਕਾਲ ਸੋ ਤੁਮਰੇ ਮੁਖ ਮਹਿ ਆਇਯੋ ॥੧੧੦॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) - ਉਹ ਕਹਿਣ ਲਗੀ ਹੇ ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ ! ਹੁਣ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਦੱਸ ਕਿ ਤੇਰਾ ਸ਼ਿਵਜੀ ਕਿਥੇ ਗਿਆ ? ਜਿਸਦੀ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਸਦਾ ਹੀ ਪੂਜਾ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਦੇ ਸੀ ਉਸ ਦੇ ਮੈਂ ਦੰਦ ਤੋੜ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਹਨ । ਜਿਸ ਲਿੰਗ ਦੀ ਪੂਜਾ ਕਰਦਿਆਂ ਤੂੰ ਏਨਾ ਸਮਾਂ ਨਸ਼ਟ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ ਉਹ ਹੀ ਤੇਰੇ ਮੁੰਹ ਤੇ ਆ ਕੇ ਵੱਜਾ ਹੈ ॥੧੧੦॥

Meaning (From Dr. Jaggi’s translation) (..and she said) O Brahman! Now tell me, where has your Shiv gone now? Whom (you) used to worship all the time, he has broken (your) teeth. (you have) spent so much time worshipping the phallus, (that same phallus) has struck you in the face.

Therefore, there is no indecency in this verse nor anyone other than Akal Purakh has been given the status of the supreme being. Rebuttal of fake rituals of the Brahmans, idol-worship and deity-worship and the motivation for the worship of Only Waheguru Ji instead has been issued via the female protagonist of this Charitar. For rest of the world, it sets a prime example of the awakened state of women and issues an important message that a woman can play important role in spreading true faith as well as in the eradication of baseless traditions. Most Charitars deal with, and successfully portray, kings engrossed in wasteful pleasures, the sexual urges of people impersonating as yogis and great renuniciators, widespread exploitation on the pretexts of Jantra-Mantras, the co-relations between sex and drugs, actions of immorality emerging from incompatible marriages, and the evil nexus of wealth, power and intoxicants. The moral from all of the above is to abstain from such situations and to live a honest, virtuous life. In some stories, Guruji has attached himself as the protagonist to try to convey the message that such attacks of kaam happen on men of God too, and they are able to destroy them with their superior intellect. The following verse beautifully illustrates sharp power of reasoning of women:

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ਗੰਧ੍ਰਬ ਜਛ ਭੁਜੰਗ ਗਨ ਨਰ ਬਪੁਰੇ ਕਿਨ ਮਾਹਿ ॥ ਦੇਵ ਅਦੇਵ ਤ੍ਰਿਯਾਨ ਕੇ ਭੇਵ ਪਛਾਨਤ ਨਾਹਿ ॥੧੩॥

It is unfortunate that influential people like Chitr Singh have turned woman of immense talents into Kamini, a symbol of desire. If aged people like him will forcefully establish physical relations with young girls like Chitravarti, it will result in immoral actions in the society as the desires of beautiful and young women cannot be fulfilled by weak, aged, and ugly people:

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ਧਨੀ ਚਤੁਰ ਅਰੁ ਤਰੁਨਿ ਤਰੁਨਿ ਜੋ ਪਾਇ ਹੈ ॥ ਹੋ ਬਿਰਧ ਕੁਰੂਪ ਨਿਧਨ ਜੜ ਪੈ ਕਿਯੋ ਜਾਇ ਹੈ ॥੧੫॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਜਦੋਂ ਕੋਈ ਜੁਆਨ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਧਨੀ, ਸਿਆਣੇ ਤੇ ਜੁਆਨ ਪੁਰਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਪਾ ਲਵੇਗੀ ਤਾਂ ਭਲਾ ਫੇਰ ਉਹ ਬੁੱਢੇ, ਕੋਝੇ, ਗਰੀਬ ਤੇ ਮੂਰਖ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਪਾਸ ਕਿਉਂ ਜਾਵੇਗੀ ॥੧੫॥

Another accusation made by the opposition is that charitars give instructions to not disclose secrets to women, which is not in accordance with Gurmat. See the following verses from 12th and 13th charitars:

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ਜੋ ਨਿਜੁ ਤ੍ਰਿਯ ਕੋ ਦੇਤ ਪੁਰਖ ਭੇਦ ਕਛੁ ਆਪਨੋ ॥ ਤਾ ਕੇ ਬਿਧਨਾ ਲੇਤ ਪ੍ਰਾਨ ਹਰਨ ਕਰਿ ਪਲਕ ਮੈ ॥੩੦॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਜੋ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਆਪਣੀ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਥੋੜਾ ਜਿਹਾ ਵੀ ਭੇਦ ਦੇਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਪਲ ਵਿਚ ਉਸਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਾਣ ਨਸ਼ਟ ਕਰ ਦਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ ॥੩੦॥

Meaning -The person who gives even smallest of secrets to his woman, God takes away his life in a second.

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ਜੋ ਨਰ ਅਪੁਨੇ ਚਿਤ ਕੌ ਤ੍ਰਿਯ ਕਰ ਦੇਤ ਬਨਾਇ ॥ ਜਰਾ ਤਾਹਿ ਜੋਬਨ ਹਰੈ ਪ੍ਰਾਨ ਹਰਤ ਜਮ ਜਾਇ ॥੯॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਜੋ ਆਦਮੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਮਨ ਦਾ ਭੇਦ ਇਸਤਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਦਸਦਾ ਏ, ਬੁਢਾਪਾ ਉਹਦੀ ਜਵਾਨੀ ਨੂੰ ਚੁਰਾ ਲੈਂਦਾ ਏ ਤੇ ਜਮਰਾਜ ਉਹਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਾਣ ਕਢ ਲੈਂਦਾ ਏ ॥੯॥

Meaning -The person who tells the secrets of heart to woman, old age snatches his youth and Yamraj takes away his life.

It is our opinion that these lines appear in those stories where woman has been blinded by sexual desires. It is instructed to not give away heart’s secrets to an immoral woman as the consequences of it can be devastating. Even today, youthful female spies are deployed to spy on other countries. If someone gets lured in their trap and gives away any secrets, then destruction is inevitable. We have seen in previous verses that Sri Guruji has given immense motivation to increase love and affection with one’s own woman, but has given stern warnings against falling for lustful women, as:

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ਕੋਟ ਕਸਟ ਸ੍ਯਾਨੋ ਸਹਹਿ ਕੈਸੌ ਦਹੈ ਅਨੰਗ ॥ ਨੈਕ ਨੇਹ ਨਹਿ ਕੀਜਿਯੈ ਤਊ ਤਰਨਿ ਕੇ ਸੰਗ ॥੨੭॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਸਿਆਣੇ ਆਦਮੀ ਨੂੰ ਭਾਵੇਂ ਕਿੰਨਾ ਹੀ ਦੁਖ ਸਹਿਣਾ ਪਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਕਾਮ ਵੀ ਭਾਵੇਂ ਕਿੰਨਾ ਹੀ ਕਿਉਂ ਨਾ ਸਤਾਏ, ਜਵਾਨ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਦੇ ਪਿਆਰ ਵਿਚ ਕਦੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਫਸਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ॥੨੭॥

Meaning - No matter how much pain a wise man should go through and no matter how much kaam torments him, he should never fall in the trap of any youthful woman. (Charitar 17)

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ਪ੍ਰੀਤਿ ਕੈਸਿਯੈ ਤਨ ਬਢੈ ਕਸਟ ਕੈਸਹੂ ਹੋਇ ॥ ਤਊ ਤਰੁਨਿ ਸੌ ਦੋਸਤੀ ਭੂਲਿ ਨ ਕਰਿਯਹੁ ਕੋਇ ॥੧੦॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) - ਭਾਵੇਂ ਕਿੰਨਾ ਹੀ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਵਧੇ ਅਤੇ ਸਰੀਰ ਨੂੰ ਕਿੰਨਾ ਹੀ ਦ੍ਖ ਕਿਉਂ ਨਾ ਹੋਵੇ, ਪਰ ਜੁਆਨ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਭੁਲਕੇ ਵੀ ਪ੍ਰੀਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਨੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ॥੧੦॥

Meaning -No matter how much love increases and body goes through torments, (one) should not fall for any other woman (except one’s own) even by mistake.

Sri Guruji also gives the important message to mankind that it is not only woman who is responsible for widespread immorality in society, in fact it is male who is more responsible for this epidemic. That is why, it is inappropriate to be harsh on any woman for her immoral behaviour. As far as possible, It is befitting to forget about her mis-deeds:

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ਚਾਕਰ ਕੀ ਅਰੁ ਨਾਰਿ ਕੀ ਏਕੈ ਬਡੀ ਸਜਾਇ ॥ ਜਿਯ ਤੇ ਕਬਹ ਨ ਮਾਰਿਯਹਿ ਮਨ ਤੇ ਮਿਲਹਿ ਭੁਲਾਇ ॥੪੨॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) -ਨੌਕਰ ਅਤੇ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਦੀ ਇਕੋ ਹੀ ਵੱਡੀ ਸਜ਼ਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਜਾਨ ਤੋ ਮਾਰਨ ਦੀ ਥਾਂ, ਦਿਲ ‘ਚੋਂ ਕਢ ਦੇਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ॥੪੨॥

Meaning -This is the biggest punishment for the employee and woman – instead of physically hurting them, (one should) throw them out of heart.

Summary of the Charitars

The stories in these Charitars are not sexually provocative; On the contrary, they provide awareness of the social pain, criminal mentality, and exploitation of women that results from intense lust. The wealthy and ruling factions of society have been ridiculed by portraying the sorry state that emerges from their indulgence in lustful actions. The capitalistic mentality in which the only aim of earning and storing money has been shown to have adverse effect on the family network. Those who wear religious attire and pretend to be great renuniciators have been shown to be worse than a family man; they abandon their own houses and wish for others’ wealth and bodies. People who believe in black magic and Tantra shastra have been portrayed rightly as sexually obsessed and of criminal tendencies. Incompatible marriages (aged man marrying young woman, ugly person getting married to beautiful, pleasant woman, a fool with clever woman, a poor man with materialistically ambitious wife) have been shown to bring about devastating consequences. The young widows who find it difficult to remarry have been shown to stray away towards wrongdoings. Conversely, a man marrying multiple women has been shown to develop bad character. And anyone who gives his secret to a nymph has been shown to be completely ruined. The unholy and unbreakable alliance of drugs and sex is told and most importantly, the male society has been held squarely responsible for the birth of immoralities in women. It is almost impossible to find any other such superb literary composition that has provided eloquent and minute disquisition of the psychology of sexually obsessed people the way these Charitars have.


Thanks for reading! And, apologies for any inaccuracies!

-translated by Bhai Prabhjot Singh

[Part iii] Charitropakhyan – Analysis And Clarifications Of Charitar 21-23 – Story of (A)Noop Kaur

Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa
Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh Guru Roop Sangat Jeo,

With Guruji’s blessings, here is an analysis of the (in)famous Charitar – The story of (A)noop Kaur. This is the Charitar that darshan ragi used to distort the essence of Charitropakhyan at Rochester, NY. We all know what happened after that, so let’s not go into that. This article, based on Dr. Harbhajan Singh Ji’s book, is an attempt to present descriptions of the plot as well as clear many of the misconceptions being spread by jeonwala and other anti-pantic pseudo-scholars regarding Guruji’s role in this Charitar. As in previous articles, I have provided Gurmukhi meanings done by Gyani Narain Singh Ji to the quoted verses. It is my sincere hope that after reading Dr. Sahib’s article, we will be able to understand this Charitar (and Charitropakhyan) in the way Guruji want us to understand it. Ok, please read on:

[Part III] – Analysis and Clarifications of Charitar 21-23 – (A)noop Kaur


The plot of Charitar number 21 is associated with Sri Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji. The story of this Charitaris quite similar to the story of Charitar No. 16 ‘Chajjia’. In the 27th verse of this story, the name of this wealthy woman has been given as Noop (or Anoop)Kaur, who gets attracted to Guruji (as protagonist in the story). This wealthy lady bribes a servant of Guruji and gets a message delivered to him saying that she has got one Mantra that Guruji would want to learn. Guruji goes to thelady. Anoop Kaur makes arrangements for flowers, beetle-leafs and wine. It isimportant to remember here that Chajjia had also asked for similar ingredients. Actually, Guruji are exposing the real face of such Tantriks who are absorbed inmagic and sorcery. As soon as Guruji arrives, the lady tells her passion-ridden state of mind and starts begging in front of Guruji to copulate with her.Guruji says to her, “Why should I give up my faith and virtues; why should I drown in hell?” That passion-struck lady says:

ਕਾਮਾਤੁਰ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਜੋ ਤ੍ਰਿਯਾ ਆਵਤ ਨਰ ਕੇ ਪਾਸ ॥
ਮਹਾ ਨਰਕ ਸੋ ਡਾਰਿਯੈ ਦੈ ਜੋ ਜਾਨ ਨਿਰਾਸ ॥੧੮॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਕਾਮ ਦੀ ਦੁਖੀ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੋਈ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਜਦੋਂ ਪੁਰਸ਼ ਪਾਸ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਏ ਅਤੇ ਜੇ ਊਹ ਪੁਰਸ਼ ਉਸਨੂੰ ਨਿਰਾਸ਼ ਭੇਜਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾਂ ਉਸ ਪੁਰਖ ਨੂੰ ਵੱਡੇ ਨਰਕ ਵਿਚ ਸੁਟਿਆ ਜਾਣਾਂ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ॥੧੮॥
To this, Guruji says, “You always bow to my feet in respect, you worship me, and now you get obsessed (to your own Satguru) and want to have sexual relations with him? Don’t you feel ashamed of yourself?”
ਪਾਇ ਪਰਤ ਮੋਰੋ ਸਦਾ ਪੂਜ ਕਹਤ ਹੈ ਮੋਹਿ ॥
ਤਾ ਸੋ ਰੀਝ ਰਮ੍ਯੋ ਚਹਤ ਲਾਜ ਨ ਆਵਤ ਤੋਹਿ ॥੧੯॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਲੋਕ ਮੇਰੇ ਪੈਰਾਂ ਤੇ ਡਿਗਦੇ ਨੇ ਮੈਂ ਪ੍ਰਸੰਨ ਹੋਕੇ ਤੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਭੋਗ ਕਰਾਂ, ਕੀ ਇਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਕਹਿੰਦਿਆਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਸ਼ਰਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਆਉਂਦੀ? ॥੧੯॥
In fact, the intention in these verses is to illustrate the pious relationship that exists between the Guru and his Sikh. Anoop Kaur has become neglectful of this pious relationship. Guruji is reminding this relationship to her follower who is drowning in sea of immoral desire. The story also shows how sexually obsessed people twist the meanings of religious texts to uphold their actions. The lady says, “Sri Krishna was respected by everyone even after getting intimate with Gopis. He did not go to hell. God has made our bodies with five elements, and attraction between males and females has also materialised by Him, then how can physical relationships be called sinful?”
ਕ੍ਰਿਸਨ ਪੂਜ ਜਗ ਕੇ ਭਏ ਕੀਨੀ ਰਾਸਿ ਬਨਾਇ ॥
ਭੋਗ ਰਾਧਿਕਾ ਸੋ ਕਰੇ ਪਰੇ ਨਰਕ ਨਹਿ ਜਾਇ ॥੨੦॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ ਵੀ ਸੰਸਾਰ ਲਈ ਪੂਜਨੀਕ ਸੀ, ਪਰ ਉਸਨੇ ਵੀ ਰਾਸ-ਲੀਲ੍ਹਾ ਕੀਤੀਆਂ । ਉਹਨੇ ਰਾਧਿਕਾ ਨਾਲ ਭੋਗ ਕੀਤਾ, ਫਿਰ ਉਹ ਨਰਕ ਵਿਚ ਨਹੀਂ ਗਏ? ॥੨੦॥
ਪੰਚ ਤਤ ਲੈ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਕਰ ਕੀਨੀ ਨਰ ਕੀ ਦੇਹ ॥
ਕੀਯਾ ਆਪ ਹੀ ਤਿਨ ਬਿਖੈ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਪੁਰਖ ਸਨੇਹ ॥੨੧॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਪ੍ਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਨੇ ਆਪ ਹੀ ਪੰਜਾਂ ਤੱਤਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਪੁਰਸ਼ ਦਾ ਸਰੀਰ ਬਣਾਇਆ ਏ ਅਤੇ ਆਪ ਹੀ ਉਸ ਵਿਚ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਪੁਰਸ਼ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਸਪਰ ਪਿਆਰ ਦੀ ਰਚਨਾ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੈ ॥੨੧॥
ਪ੍ਰਥਮ ਛਤ੍ਰਿ ਕੇ ਧਾਮ ਦਿਯੋ ਬਿਧਿ ਜਨਮ ਹਮਾਰੋ ॥
ਬਹੁਰਿ ਜਗਤ ਕੇ ਬੀਚ ਕਿਯੋ ਕੁਲ ਅਧਿਕ ਉਜਿਯਾਰੋ ॥
ਬਹੁਰਿ ਸਭਨ ਮੈ ਬੈਠਿ ਆਪੁ ਕੋ ਪੂਜ ਕਹਾਊ ॥
ਹੋ ਰਮੋ ਤੁਹਾਰੇ ਸਾਥ ਨੀਚ ਕੁਲ ਜਨਮਹਿ ਪਾਊ ॥੩੨॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਰਾਜੇ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਤਾਂ ਪ੍ਰਮੇਸ਼ਰ ਨੇ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਖੱਤਰੀ ਦੀ ਕੁਲ ਵਿਚ ਜਨਮ ਦਿਤਾ ਹੈ, ਅਤੇ ਸਾਡੀ ਕੁਲ ਦਾ ਸੰਸਾਰ ਵਿਚ ਬਹੁਤ ਮਾਣ ਹੈ । ਫਿਰ ਸਾਰਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਬੈਠ ਕੇ ਮੈਂ ਪੂਜਨੀਕ ਕਹਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ, ਹੁਣ ਜਦ ਮੈਂ ਤੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਭੋਗ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਨੀਚ ਕੁਲ ਵਿਚ ਜਨਮ ਪਾਵਾਂਗਾ ॥੩੨॥
There is no effect on Guruji despite the lady’s abetment. In this very episode, Guruji utters such pious words which can be aptly called ‘mega-Mantra’ for freedom of humanity from horrible diseases resulting from such immoral actions:
ਸੁਧਿ ਜਬ ਤੇ ਹਮ ਧਰੀ ਬਚਨ ਗੁਰ ਦਏ ਹਮਾਰੇ ॥
ਪੂਤ ਇਹੈ ਪ੍ਰਨ ਤੋਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਾਨ ਜਬ ਲਗ ਘਟ ਥਾਰੇ ॥
ਨਿਜ ਨਾਰੀ ਕੇ ਸਾਥ ਨੇਹੁ ਤੁਮ ਨਿਤ ਬਢੈਯਹੁ ॥
ਪਰ ਨਾਰੀ ਕੀ ਸੇਜ ਭੂਲਿ ਸੁਪਨੇ ਹੂੰ ਨ ਜੈਯਹੁ ॥੫੧॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਜਦੋਂ ਤੋਂ ਮੈਂ ਹੋਸ਼ ਸੰਭਾਲੀ ਹੈ, ਤਦੋਂ ਤੋਂ ਹੀ ਮੇਰੇ ਗੁਰੂ ਨੇ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਸਿਖਿਆ ਦਿਤੀ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਹੇ ਪੁੱਤਰ ! ਜਿਨਾਂ ਚਿਰ ਤੇਰੇ ਹਿਰਦੇ ਅੰਦਰ ਪ੍ਰਾਣ ਹਨ, ਉਤਨਾ ਚਿਰ ਤੂੰ ਇਹ ਧਾਰੀ ਰਖਣਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਆਪਣੀ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਤੂੰ ਸਦਾ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਵਧਾ, ਪਰ ਪਰਾਈ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਦੀ ਸੇਜਾ ਉਤੇ ਭੁੱਲਕੇ ਸੁਪਨੇ ਦੇ ਵਿਚ ਵੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਣਾ ਹੈ ॥੫੧॥
Meaning – (The king i.e. Guruji says- ) Right from the age of understanding, (my) Guru has taught me; O son! Keep this pledged in your heart till the time you are alive, (that) keep increasing love and affection for your own wife, but never, ever go to someone’s else bed even in wildest dreams.
ਪਰ ਨਾਰੀ ਕੇ ਭਜੇ ਸਹਸ ਬਾਸਵ ਭਗ ਪਾਏ ॥
ਪਰ ਨਾਰੀ ਕੇ ਭਜੇ ਚੰਦ੍ਰ ਕਾਲੰਕ ਲਗਾਏ ॥
ਪਰ ਨਾਰੀ ਕੇ ਹੇਤ ਸੀਸ ਦਸ ਸੀਸ ਗਵਾਯੋ ॥
ਹੋ ਪਰ ਨਾਰੀ ਕੇ ਹੇਤ ਕਟਕ ਕਵਰਨ ਕੌ ਘਾਯੋ ॥੫੨॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਪਰਾਈ ਨਾਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਭੋਗਿਆਂ ਇੰਦ੍ਰ ਨੇ ਹਜਾਰ ਭਗ ਪਾਏ ਸੀ । ਪਰਾਈ ਨਾਰੀ ਦੇ ਭੋਗਿਆਂ ਚੰਦ੍ਰਮਾਂ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਕਲੰਕ ਲਗਾ ਲਿਆ ਸੀ । ਪਰਾਈ ਨਾਰੀ ਦੇ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਦਸਾਂ ਸਿਰਾਂ ਵਾਲੇ ਰਾਵਣ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਸਿਰ ਗਵਾ ਲਏ ਸੀ । ਪਰਾਈ ਨਾਰੀ ਦੇ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਕੌਰਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਦਲ ਮਾਰਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ ॥੫੨॥
Meaning – Because of illicit relations, Indra had received 1000 female genitals as symbolic punishment. Because of illicit relations, the moon got blemished. Because of illicit relations, Ravana had to lose his heads. (Similarly), because of someone else’s woman, entire army of Kaurvas got killed.
ਪਰ ਨਾਰੀ ਸੌ ਨੇਹੁ ਛੁਰੀ ਪੈਨੀ ਕਰਿ ਜਾਨਹੁ ॥
ਪਰ ਨਾਰੀ ਕੇ ਭਜੇ ਕਾਲ ਬ੍ਯਾਪਯੋ ਤਨ ਮਾਨਹੁ ॥
ਅਧਿਕ ਹਰੀਫੀ ਜਾਨਿ ਭੋਗ ਪਰ ਤ੍ਰਿਯ ਜੋ ਕਰਹੀ ॥
ਹੋ ਅੰਤ ਸ੍ਵਾਨ ਕੀ ਮ੍ਰਿਤੁ ਹਾਥ ਲੇਂਡੀ ਕੇ ਮਰਹੀ ॥੫੩॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਪਰਾਈ ਨਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਤਿੱਖੀ ਛੁਰੀ ਵਾਂਗ ਜਾਨੋ । ਪਰਾਈ ਨਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਮੌਤ ਦਾ ਆਉਣਾ ਸਮਝੋ । ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਬਹੁਤ ਬਲ ਵਾਲੇ ਸਮਝ ਕੇ ਜੋ ਪਰਾਈ ਨਾਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਭੋਗ ਕਰਦੇ ਨੇ, ਉਹ ਅੰਤ ਨੂੰ ਡਰਪੋਕ ਆਦਮੀ ਹਥੋਂ ਕੁੱਤੇ ਦੀ ਮੌਤ ਮਰਦੇ ਹਨ ॥੫੩॥
Meaning – Consider love relations with another woman like a sharp edged knife. Consider such relations as a sure invitation to death. Those who consider themselves powerful and have such relations with someone else’s woman, they are eventually delivered dog’s death by cowards.
ਬਾਲ ਹਮਾਰੇ ਪਾਸ ਦੇਸ ਦੇਸਨ ਤ੍ਰਿਯ ਆਵਹਿ ॥
ਮਨ ਬਾਛਤ ਬਰ ਮਾਗਿ ਜਾਨਿ ਗੁਰ ਸੀਸ ਝੁਕਾਵਹਿ ॥
ਸਿਖ੍ਯ ਪੁਤ੍ਰ ਤ੍ਰਿਯ ਸੁਤਾ ਜਾਨਿ ਅਪਨੇ ਚਿਤ ਧਰਿਯੈ ॥
ਹੋ ਕਹੁ ਸੁੰਦਰਿ ਤਿਹ ਸਾਥ ਗਵਨ ਕੈਸੇ ਕਰਿ ਕਰਿਯੈ ॥੫੪॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਹੇ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ! ਸਾਡੇ ਪਾਸ ਦੇਸ-ਦੇਸਾਂਤਰਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀਆਂ ਆਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਮਨਭਾਉਂਦੇ ਵਰ ਮੰਗ ਕੇ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਗੁਰੂ ਜਾਣਕੇ ਸਿਰ ਝੁਕਾਂਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ । ਉਹ ਸਿੱਖ ਮੇਰੇ ਪੁਤਰ ਹਨ, ਸਿਖਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀਆਂ ਮੇਰੀਆਂ ਧੀਆਂ ਹਨ । ਹੇ ਸੁੰਦਰੀ ! ਤੂੰ ਹੀ ਦਸ, ਇਹਨਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਭੋਗ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਏ? ॥੫੪॥
Meaning – O disciple! Women from various states come to me; accepting me as their Guru, they bow their heads in front of me and get their wishes fulfilled. I consider Sikhs as my own sons and (their) women as my own daughters. O maiden! How can I have wrong relations with them?
ਦਿਜਨ ਦੀਜਿਯਹੁ ਦਾਨ ਦ੍ਰੁਜਨ ਕਹ ਦ੍ਰਿਸਟਿ ਦਿਖੈਯਹੁ ॥
ਸੁਖੀ ਰਾਖਿਯਹੁ ਸਾਥ ਸਤ੍ਰੁ ਸਿਰ ਖੜਗ ਬਜੈਯਹੁ ॥
ਲੋਕ ਲਾਜ ਕਉ ਛਾਡਿ ਕਛੂ ਕਾਰਜ ਨਹਿ ਕਰਿਯਹੁ ॥
ਪਰ ਨਾਰੀ ਕੀ ਸੇਜ ਪਾਵ ਸੁਪਨੇ ਹੂੰ ਨ ਧਰਿਯਹੁ ॥
ਗੁਰ ਜਬ ਤੇ ਮੁਹਿ ਕਹਿਯੋ ਇਹੈ ਪ੍ਰਨ ਲਯੋ ਸੁ ਧਾਰੈ ॥
ਹੋ ਪਰ ਧਨ ਪਾਹਨ ਤੁਲਿ ਤ੍ਰਿਯਾ ਪਰ ਮਾਤ ਹਮਾਰੈ ॥੫੮॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦਾਨ ਦਿਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਏ ਅਤੇ ਖੋਟੇ ਆਦਮੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਅੱਖਾਂ ਵਿਖਾਈਆਂ ਜਾਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ । ਮਿੱਤਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸੁਖ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਏ ਤੇ ਦੁਸ਼ਮਣ ਦੇ ਸਿਰ ਤੇ ਤਲਵਾਰ ਮਾਰ ਕੇ ਵਾਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ । ਲੋਕ-ਲੱਜਿਆ ਨੂੰ ਛੱਡਕੇ ਕੋਈ ਭੀ ਕੰਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ਪਰਾਈ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਦੀ ਸੇਜ ਤੇ ਸੁਪਨੇ ਵਿਚ ਵੀ ਭੁਲਕੇ ਪੈਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਰਖਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ, ਗੁਰੂ ਨੇ ਜਦੋਂ ਤੋਂ ਮੈਂਨੂੰ ਇਹ ਸੱਚਾ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਕਰਵਾਇਆ ਹੈ, ਤਦੋਂ ਤੋਂ ਪਰਾਇਆ ਧਨ ਮੇਰੇ ਲਈ ਪਥਰ ਦੇ ਸਮਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਪਰਾਈ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਮਾਤਾ ਦੇ ਸਮਾਨ ਹੈ ॥੫੮॥
Meaning – Give donations to Brahmins* (i.e. virtuous people, see below) and glare threateningly at enemies. Keep your friends happy and (always) keep striking your enemies on the head with sword. Do not do anything that goes against society’s decorum. Do not place your foot on someone else’s woman, even in dreams. From the moment my Guru has taught me this; I have made this pledge that I consider someone else’s money useless as a stone, and someone else’s woman as a mother. * [There are some critics who, without any understand root meaning of the word ‘ਦਿਜਨ’ (Dijan), launch attacks on Sri Dasam Granth. ‘ਦ੍ਵਿਜ’ (Dvij) means a person who is born twice – once from mother’s womb and second time at the house of the Guru, i.e., a virtuous person. Anyone who takes initiation in faith and follows the doctrines of that religion is a Dvij (ਦ੍ਵਿਜ). Thus, translation of ‘ਦਿਜ’ as merely Brahmin isn’t appropriate.]

The clever words of Guruji not only cut the net of perverseness of the woman who had threatened to blemish Guruji and wanted to establish physical contacts with him, but also accused her actions as being wrongful. This woman apologised to Guruji for her behaviour. At this juncture, this episode takes an extremely tragic turn. Guruji intention could never be to make woman feel inferior. That is why Guruji apologises for his behaviour that originated from helplessness, and makes arrangements of half yearly grant of 20 thousand takkas to her so that she can live a respectful, virtuous life.
ਛਿਮਾ ਕਰਹੁ ਅਬ ਤ੍ਰਿਯ ਹਮੈ ਬਹੁਰਿ ਨ ਕਰਿਯਹੁ ਰਾਧਿ ॥
ਬੀਸ ਸਹੰਸ ਟਕਾ ਤਿਸੈ ਦਈ ਛਿਮਾਹੀ ਬਾਧਿ ॥੧੨॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਹੇ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ, ਹੁਣ ਤੂੰ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਮਾਫ ਕਰ, ਮੈਂ ਵੀ ਇਸ ਝਗੜੇ ਨੂੰ ਹੋਰ ਵਧਾਉਣਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਚਾਹੁੰਦਾ, ਇਸ ਪਿਛੋਂ ਉਸ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਵੀਹ ਹਜਾਰ ਟਕੇ ਛਿਮਾਹੀ ਬੰਨ੍ਹ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਗਏ ॥੧੨॥
From the instances in these stories, where Guruji is shown to give monetary assistance, an indication is received that not only he gave inspiration to sexually-obsessed women through the Charitars, but he would also provide monitory assistance for their rehabilitation, so that the aim of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, ‘ਗਾਵਹੁ ਪੁਤ੍ਰੀ ਰਾਜਕੁਆਰਿ। ਨਾਮੁ ਭਣੇ ਸਚੁ ਦੇਤਿ ਸਵਾਰਿ।’could be achieved.
-translation by Bhai Prabhjot Singh

[Part II] Charitropakhyan – Analysis of Charitars 2 – 16

Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa
Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh Guru Roop Sangat Jeo,

With Waheguru Ji’s blessings, here is part 2 of the ongoing series of articles on Charitropakhyan. This article provides plot descriptions of the Charitars 2 – 16, their importance, lessons to be learned, and clarifications of the misconceptions being spread by anti-panthic forces by twisting some of the meanings of these Charitars. It also contains analysis of Charitar 16, which the haters make the blasphemous mistake of associating it with Sri Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji Maharaj. As in previous article, I have extensively used Dr. Harbhajan Singh Ji’s book as reference and Gyani Narain Singh Ji’s steek for some of the gurmukhi meanings. Ok, here’s the article:

[Part II] Charitropakhyan – Analysis of Charitars 2 – 16


Although even the first part of Charitropakhyan (Chandi Charitar) is not acceptable to Sri Dasam Granth’s adversaries, however it is mainly the second part that is the subject of intense hatred as most of the stories deal with amorous events, and it is their belief that they are of lewd, sexual nature. The plot of the second part is something like this: A fairy from the heavens gets enchanted upon seeing the king Chitr Singh of ‘Chitravarti’ state and eventually marries him. This queen fairy gave birth to a beautiful son but went back to heavens after a few years (or we can infer that she passed away). King Chitr Singh became very sad. He ordered his ministers to find him a girl with similar beautiful looks and qualities. The daughter of King of Orissa was almost similar in looks and personality as that of fairy Queen. In order to obtain this girl, king Chitr Singh attacked the king of Orissa. Chitr Singh’s son, Hanwant Singh, supervised and led his father’s army in the battlefield. The king of Orissa was defeated and killed in the war. And so, Chitr Singh won the princess and married her. In reality, however, the new Queen was attracted to king’s son – the handsome, youthful Hanwant Singh.

The king sent Hanwant Singh off to a learned Brahmin for higher education but he always remained quiet and aloof. The king tried talking sense to him, but all his efforts went wasted. When the helpless king presented this issue in front of everyone in his courtroom, Queen Chitramati secretly took Hanwant Singh to her room. She said to him, “You are so charming and indescribably handsome, like the God of love Kama-Dev. O my friend! Your eyes mesmerise me and bewitch my mind… I am not satisfied with the king. Drop your fears of him and copulate with me.” The prince, however, flatly refused her offer. The Queen, embarrassed by his refusal, retaliated by instigating the king, “O King! Your son is most evil! He tore my clothes off and scratched and scarred my whole body!” The king, totally blinded in her lust, ordered the execution of the prince without any investigation. This is when his wise ministers tell him tales that describe the carnal desires of females, although there are a few stories that deal with equivalent male characteristics too. Majority of these stories are based on crimes originating from amorous sentiments. Following are the facts that emerge from the above plot:

1. After attaining power of the State, the ruling faction forgets its primary responsibilities and engages itself in carnal pleasures and other similar immoral acts.

2. The rules shove innocent people into battlefield for their own corporal wants. As a result, the humanity has to suffer in the aftermath.

3. According to the story, king’s son had reached that state of youth where he was able to lead an army by himself i.e. the king was far older than him. Despite his old age, he married a girl much younger than him, while ideally she should have been married to his son instead. Whenever a man uses his wealth and power as influence to establish illicit relations, the results will always be devastating.

4. The mention of aloofness of Hanwant Singh is a portrayal of a child whose parents, like Chitr Singh, make immoral decisions blinded by the influence of amorous desires. The indication of full mental and physical growth of Hanwant Singh is given when he provides leadership services during the war. But the king is ignorant of his son’s mental and physical development. It was natural that all this would have adverse affect on Hanwant Singh. The moral learnt from this incident is that decisions made by people like sexually engrossed Chitr Singh effect their own family first.

5. The moral character of princess was not bad. It is the excesses of man that drives her towards wrong-doings. As a result of these excesses, inappropriate conduct of females projects an illusion of inherent impurity within the society. It is this illusion – the result of male excesses and oppression – that glitters as obscene in the eyes of adversaries of this Granth.

6.In the story, the model, responsible ministers of State have been portrayed. Thus, if a ruler goes astray from the righteous path, it becomes the duty of the ministers to use diplomatic means to persuade him back on the right path – to bring him out of darkness and into the light.

7.It is important to note that the composer of this Bani has deployed intricate, abstract reasoning while creating the plot; he has narrated the ethical content not in first person, rather used ministers for the narrative, which indicates that it is not compulsory for Beebis to read the Charitars. These tales can however be used for the emancipation of people that are trapped in blind faith. Charitropakhyan is a treatise on ethics; it is meant to be quoted wherever need is felt. The first, third and fourth parts of it, however, are highly inspiration for both men and women.

The 401 Charitars that appear in the second part of Charitropakhyan have not been narrated by the ministers for king’s amusement; rather, there aim is to put the king back on the path of righteousness and virtue. The opposing faction of Sri Dasam Granth has serious objections against some of the language used in these stories. A brief critical evaluation of this issue is important. In the first story i.e. third Charitar, the protagonist is a woman whose husband is quite aged, because of which she forms illicit relations with a younger person. Minister says:

ਹੋਤ ਤਰੁਨ ਕੇ ਤਰੁਨਿ ਬਸਿ ਬਿਰਧ ਤਰੁਨਿ ਬਸਿ ਹੋਇ ॥
ਇਹੈ ਰੀਤਿ ਸਭ ਜਗਤ ਕੀ ਜਾਨਤ ਹੈ ਸਭ ਕੋਇ ॥੬॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਜੁਆਨ ਆਦਮੀ ਦੇ ਵੱਸ ਵਿਚ ਅਤੇ ਬੁਢਾ ਆਦਮੀ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਦੇ ਵੱਸ ਵਿਚ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਏ, ਸੰਸਾਰ ਦੀ ਇਸ ਰੀਤ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਰੇ ਜਾਣਦੇ ਹਨ ॥੬॥

Meaning – Women get bewitched by a youthful male, while an aged man gets lured by a woman. This is the custom of this world, (which) everyone knows.

In the second Charitar of this part (ਘੁਰਕੀ – Ghurki), Mahanand is an old man, because of which his wife commits adultery with younger males. The fact that old age is the cause of her wife’s meanderings is crucial to note, because these stories commence with aged men marrying younger women. The abuses hurled at the composer of this work without analysing minute, intricate facts like these are most unfortunate. In the third Charitar (ਸਹਿਜ ਕਲਾ- Sehaj Kalaa), the evil, perverted mentality of people impersonating as saints is delineated.; a character, that pretends to live in cavity of a tree in the woods, while in reality he absconds with a beautiful girl of a nearby city. In the fourth story (ਮਾਲਮਤੀ – Maalmati), a character of a Muslim lady is painted to illustrate the fact that these amorous events are prevalent in every social order. Sixth (ਅਨੁਰਾਗ ਮਤੀ – Anurag Mati) and seventh (ਜਗ ਜੋਤਮਤੀ – Jag Jogmati) Charitars depict the killing of a couple having illicit relations and eight (ਚਿਤਰਕਲਾ – Chitarkala) Charitar tells the story of a characterless woman who commits heinous crimes of killing her son and husband.

The adversaries of Sri Dasam Granth are particularly critical of the sixteenth (ਛਜੀਆ – Chhajia) Charitar because the events in this story create an illusion of it being associated with Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji. The story goes like this: A king lives happily on the banks of river Satluj. A prostitute, in greed of money, comes to the king’s house. She gets smitten by king’s good looks, but her beauty does not have any effect on the king. She even tries sorcery on him, but all attempts prove unsuccessful. One day, she comes to the king’s court disguised as a Yogi. The king decides to establish contact with her so that he can learn some magic Mantra (i.e. verify her true internal qualities). The prostitute, disguised as a yogi, tells the king to come see her at midnight at her place. Upon king’s arrival, the yogi orders everyone else to leave and asks for incense, candles, rice, flowers and wine, which the king makes available. The prostitute in yogi’s disguise says to the king that she has got magical power of converting her physical form; that she will disclose the Mantra in male form but will copulate with him in her female form. The king refuses and says, the givers of Mantras are like parents, one cannot dream of having pervert relations with them.

The prostitute then says, “That man, who refuses to satisfy the sexual desires of a passion ridden woman, should be thrown in hell. If you do not copulate with me, I will scream that you are a thief and get you arrested… People from all corners come to you for rewards, then why do you disappoint me?” The king argues, “Why should I destroy my virtues by having immoral relations with you?” Upon hearing this, the woman screams and gathers everyone but quickly changes the version of her story and says she was just murmuring in sleep. Everyone leaves, and she starts pressurising the king again to copulate with him. The king devises a plan and gets the woman drugged; after she falls unconscious, he returns back to his home safe and sound. The king says, “The Mantra that I have learned from this yogi is that I will never have any sexual contact with her. This woman does not know the meaning of love and affection; her only aim in life is to obtain more money and physical gratification.” –

ਰੀਤਿ ਨ ਜਾਨਤ ਪ੍ਰੀਤ ਕੀ ਪੈਸਨ ਕੀ ਪਰਤੀਤ ॥
ਬਿਛੂ ਬਿਸੀਅਰੁ ਬੇਸਯਾ ਕਹੋ ਕਵਨ ਕੇ ਮੀਤ ॥੪੩॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਕਾਮ ਦੀ ਦੁਖੀ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੋਈ ਜਿਹੜੀ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਪਿਆਰੇ ਪਾਸ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਏ, ਜੋ ਪਿਆਰਾ ਉਹਨੂੰ ਨਿਰਾਸ਼ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾ ਐਸਾ ਮਿੱਤਰ ਘੋਰ ਨਰਕ ਵਿਚ ਡਿਗਦਾ ਹੈ ॥੨੩॥
ਜੋ ਆਦਮੀ ਕਾਮ-ਰਤੀ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਭੋਗ ਦਾਨ ਨਹੀਂ ਦੇਂਦਾ, ਉਸ ਆਦਮੀ ਨੂੰ ਨਰਕ ਦੀ ਖਾਨ ਵਿਚ ਸੁੱਟ ਦੇਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ॥੨੪॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਇਹਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਦੀ ਰੀਤ ਦਾ ਪਤਾ ਨਹੀਂ, ਪੈਸੇ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਹੀ ਇਸਦਾ ਇਹ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਹੈ । ਬਿੱਛੂ, ਸੱਪ ਅਤੇ ਵੇਸਵਾ ਦਸੋ, ਇਹ ਭਲਾ ਕਿਸਦੇ ਮਿੱਤਰ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ॥੪੩॥

The king had returned home after leaving 60 coins on the bedside of the unconscious woman. Upon coming home, he swore, “With great effort, I have been able to protect my virtues. I will never, ever look at any woman other than my wife. This pledge is now etched deep in my heart.”

ਤਬੈ ਰਾਇ ਗ੍ਰਿਹ ਆਇ ਸੁ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਐਸੇ ਕਿਯੋ ॥
ਭਲੇ ਜਤਨ ਸੌ ਰਾਖਿ ਧਰਮ ਅਬ ਮੈ ਲਿਯੋ ॥
ਦੇਸ ਦੇਸ ਨਿਜੁ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਕੀ ਪ੍ਰਭਾ ਬਿਖੇਰਿਹੌ ॥
ਹੋ ਆਨ ਤ੍ਰਿਯਾ ਕਹ ਬਹੁਰਿ ਨ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਹੇਰਿਹੌ ॥੪੯॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਤਾਂ ਰਾਜੇ ਨੇ ਘਰ ਆਕੇ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਕੀਤਾ ਕਿ ਇਸ ਵਾਰ ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਜਤਨ ਕਰਕੇ ਅਪਣੇ ਧਰਮ ਨੂੰ ਬਚਾ ਲਿਆ, ਹੁਣ ਮੈਂ ਦੇਸ ਦੇਸਾਂਤਰਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਉਸ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ਰ ਦਾ ਜਸ ਫੈਲਾਵਾਂਗਾ ਅਤੇ ਕਦੇ ਵੀ ਕਿਸੇ (ਪਰਾਈ) ਇਸਤਰੀ ਵਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਤੱਕਾਂਗਾ ॥੪੯॥

ਦੋਹਰਾ ॥
ਵਹੈ ਪ੍ਰਤਗ੍ਯਾ ਤਦਿਨ ਤੇ ਬ੍ਯਾਪਤ ਮੋ ਹਿਯ ਮਾਹਿ ॥
ਤਾ ਦਿਨ ਤੇ ਪਰ ਨਾਰਿ ਕੌ ਹੇਰਤ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਨਾਹਿ ॥੫੦॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਉਹੀ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਉਸੇ ਦਿਨ ਤੋਂ ਮੇਰੇ ਮਨ ਵਸਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਹੁਣ ਕਦੇ ਭੀ ਪਰਾਈ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਵੇਖਾਂਗਾ ॥੫੦॥

Skeptics associate this story with Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji. There is one more story before this one, that story is associated with Amritsar and Kiratpur Sahib. The opposition has several arguments – They say that how could it be possible that characterless people lived in cities of Guruji. But even to this day, do only religious people live at holy places? Pilgrims at major holy places get their personal belongings stolen. Therefore, Guruji is giving this caution that immoral people not only enter religious places, they can also try to deceive innocent pilgrims. The protagonist of Guruji does not go to Chajjia to learn any Mantra, because there is nothing but “sex Mantra” in her possession. In the story, a great attempt has been made to expose the real facet of a sexually obsessed woman impersonating as a holy person. The real Mantra (lesson) to be learnt was to reach deep down and expose the intrinsic character of such perverted individuals disguised as yogis. That is why Guruji says that only Mantra that’s learnt from this episode is that no immoral relations should be established with such a woman.

ਰਾਇ ਤਬੈ ਚਿਤ ਭੀਤਰ ਕਿਯਾ ਬਿਚਾਰ ਹੈ ॥
ਯਾਹਿ ਨ ਭਜਿਹੌ ਆਜੁ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਕਾ ਸਾਰ ਹੈ ॥

There is a specific meaning and purpose behind giving 60 coins to Chajjia. It has been told in the early parts of this Charitar that this woman became immoral because of her greed for money. The primary reason for entering prostitution has always been money. The act of giving 60 coins symbolises that help should be provided to these daughters of humanity who have fallen into immoral trades because of their poor economic situations; that they can become women for high moral character. The next message the rational composer wants to give through the Charitar is that whenever there is a situation where prestige and faith are at stake, a man should always defend his faith and religious duties. Whenever such tricky situations surface in other Charitars, perverted people do not hesitate from killing even their own loved ones; in contrast, the protagonist of this Charitar shows immense sympathy for the sorry state of that woman. At the same time, he reiterates his unshakable pledge:

ਰੀਤਿ ਨ ਜਾਨਤ ਪ੍ਰੀਤ ਕੀ ਪੈਸਨ ਕੀ ਪਰਤੀਤ ॥
ਬਿਛੂ ਬਿਸੀਅਰੁ ਬੇਸਯਾ ਕਹੋ ਕਵਨ ਕੇ ਮੀਤ ॥੪੩॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਇਹਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਦੀ ਰੀਤ ਦਾ ਪਤਾ ਨਹੀਂ, ਪੈਸੇ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਹੀ ਇਸਦਾ ਇਹ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਹੈ । ਬਿੱਛੂ, ਸੱਪ ਅਤੇ ਵੇਸਵਾ ਦਸੋ, ਇਹ ਭਲਾ ਕਿਸਦੇ ਮਿੱਤਰ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ॥੪੩॥

The king had returned home after leaving 60 coins on the bedside of the unconscious woman. Upon coming home, he swore, “With great effort, I have been able to protect my virtues. I will never, ever look at any woman other than my wife. This pledge is now etched deep in my heart.”

ਤਬੈ ਰਾਇ ਗ੍ਰਿਹ ਆਇ ਸੁ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਐਸੇ ਕਿਯੋ ॥
ਭਲੇ ਜਤਨ ਸੌ ਰਾਖਿ ਧਰਮ ਅਬ ਮੈ ਲਿਯੋ ॥
ਦੇਸ ਦੇਸ ਨਿਜੁ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਕੀ ਪ੍ਰਭਾ ਬਿਖੇਰਿਹੌ ॥
ਹੋ ਆਨ ਤ੍ਰਿਯਾ ਕਹ ਬਹੁਰਿ ਨ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਹੇਰਿਹੌ ॥੪੯॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਤਾਂ ਰਾਜੇ ਨੇ ਘਰ ਆਕੇ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਕੀਤਾ ਕਿ ਇਸ ਵਾਰ ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਜਤਨ ਕਰਕੇ ਅਪਣੇ ਧਰਮ ਨੂੰ ਬਚਾ ਲਿਆ, ਹੁਣ ਮੈਂ ਦੇਸ ਦੇਸਾਂਤਰਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਉਸ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ਰ ਦਾ ਜਸ ਫੈਲਾਵਾਂਗਾ ਅਤੇ ਕਦੇ ਵੀ ਕਿਸੇ (ਪਰਾਈ) ਇਸਤਰੀ ਵਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਤੱਕਾਂਗਾ ॥੪੯॥

ਦੋਹਰਾ ॥
ਵਹੈ ਪ੍ਰਤਗ੍ਯਾ ਤਦਿਨ ਤੇ ਬ੍ਯਾਪਤ ਮੋ ਹਿਯ ਮਾਹਿ ॥
ਤਾ ਦਿਨ ਤੇ ਪਰ ਨਾਰਿ ਕੌ ਹੇਰਤ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਨਾਹਿ ॥੫੦॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਉਹੀ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਉਸੇ ਦਿਨ ਤੋਂ ਮੇਰੇ ਮਨ ਵਸਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਹੁਣ ਕਦੇ ਭੀ ਪਰਾਈ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਵੇਖਾਂਗਾ ॥੫੦॥

Skeptics associate this story with Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji. There is one more story before this one, that story is associated with Amritsar and Kiratpur Sahib. The opposition has several arguments – They say that how could it be possible that characterless people lived in cities of Guruji. But even to this day, do only religious people live at holy places? Pilgrims at major holy places get their personal belongings stolen. Therefore, Guruji is giving this caution that immoral people not only enter religious places, they can also try to deceive innocent pilgrims. The protagonist of Guruji does not go to Chajjia to learn any Mantra, because there is nothing but “sex Mantra” in her possession. In the story, a great attempt has been made to expose the real facet of a sexually obsessed woman impersonating as a holy person. The real Mantra (lesson) to be learnt was to reach deep down and expose the intrinsic character of such perverted individuals disguised as yogis. That is why Guruji says that only Mantra that’s learnt from this episode is that no immoral relations should be established with such a woman.

ਰਾਇ ਤਬੈ ਚਿਤ ਭੀਤਰ ਕਿਯਾ ਬਿਚਾਰ ਹੈ ॥
ਯਾਹਿ ਨ ਭਜਿਹੌ ਆਜੁ ਮੰਤ੍ਰ ਕਾ ਸਾਰ ਹੈ ॥

There is a specific meaning and purpose behind giving 60 coins to Chajjia. It has been told in the early parts of this Charitar that this woman became immoral because of her greed for money. The primary reason for entering prostitution has always been money. The act of giving 60 coins symbolises that help should be provided to these daughters of humanity who have fallen into immoral trades because of their poor economic situations; that they can become women for high moral character. The next message the rational composer wants to give through the Charitar is that whenever there is a situation where prestige and faith are at stake, a man should always defend his faith and religious duties. Whenever such tricky situations surface in other Charitars, perverted people do not hesitate from killing even their own loved ones; in contrast, the protagonist of this Charitar shows immense sympathy for the sorry state of that woman. At the same time, he reiterates his unshakable pledge:

ਤਬੈ ਰਾਇ ਗ੍ਰਿਹ ਆਇ ਸੁ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਐਸੇ ਕਿਯੋ ॥
ਭਲੇ ਜਤਨ ਸੌ ਰਾਖਿ ਧਰਮ ਅਬ ਮੈ ਲਿਯੋ ॥
ਦੇਸ ਦੇਸ ਨਿਜੁ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਕੀ ਪ੍ਰਭਾ ਬਿਖੇਰਿਹੌ ॥
ਹੋ ਆਨ ਤ੍ਰਿਯਾ ਕਹ ਬਹੁਰਿ ਨ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਹੇਰਿਹੌ ॥੪੯॥

ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਤਾਂ ਰਾਜੇ ਨੇ ਘਰ ਆਕੇ ਪ੍ਰਣ ਕੀਤਾ ਕਿ ਇਸ ਵਾਰ ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਜਤਨ ਕਰਕੇ ਅਪਣੇ ਧਰਮ ਨੂੰ ਬਚਾ ਲਿਆ, ਹੁਣ ਮੈਂ ਦੇਸ ਦੇਸਾਂਤਰਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਉਸ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ਰ ਦਾ ਜਸ ਫੈਲਾਵਾਂਗਾ ਅਤੇ ਕਦੇ ਵੀ ਕਿਸੇ (ਪਰਾਈ) ਇਸਤਰੀ ਵਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਤੱਕਾਂਗਾ ॥੪੯॥

And finally the following verse, which the adversaries of Sri Dasam Granth Ji are calling the ideas of the writer, and use it to launch attacks against the Granth are in fact uttered by Chajjia and not by Sri Guruji:

ਕਾਮਾਤੁਰ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਜੋ ਤਰੁਨਿ ਆਵਤ ਪਿਯ ਕੇ ਪਾਸ ॥
ਮਹਾ ਨਰਕ ਸੋ ਡਾਰਿਯਤ ਦੈ ਜੋ ਜਾਨ ਨਿਰਾਸ ॥੨੩॥
ਤਨ ਅਨੰਗ ਜਾ ਕੇ ਜਗੈ ਤਾਹਿ ਨ ਦੈ ਰਤਿ ਦਾਨ ॥
ਤਵਨ ਪੁਰਖ ਕੋ ਡਾਰਿਯਤ ਜਹਾ ਨਰਕ ਕੀ ਖਾਨਿ ॥੨੪॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਕਾਮ ਦੀ ਦੁਖੀ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੋਈ ਜਿਹੜੀ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਪਿਆਰੇ ਪਾਸ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਏ, ਜੋ ਪਿਆਰਾ ਉਹਨੂੰ ਨਿਰਾਸ਼ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾ ਐਸਾ ਮਿੱਤਰ ਘੋਰ ਨਰਕ ਵਿਚ ਡਿਗਦਾ ਹੈ ॥੨੩॥
ਜੋ ਆਦਮੀ ਕਾਮ-ਰਤੀ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਭੋਗ ਦਾਨ ਨਹੀਂ ਦੇਂਦਾ, ਉਸ ਆਦਮੀ ਨੂੰ ਨਰਕ ਦੀ ਖਾਨ ਵਿਚ ਸੁੱਟ ਦੇਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ॥੨੪॥
-translation of Bhai Prabhjot Singh

[part i] Charitropakhyan – Introduction And Analysis Of Chandi Charitar

Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa
Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh Guru Roop Sangat Jeo,
As we all know, there have been a lot of misconceptions and negativity being spread about this Composition of Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji. It is my sincerest hope that the following article will help to clear some of these misconceptions and doubts that darshan lal and his band of followers have been propagating in the Panth. I would urge everyone, including sisters, to kindly have a read because Charitropakhyan is definitely not what is made out to be and is no way against womanhood. In this article, i have borrowed almost exclusively from Dr. Habhajan Singh Ji’s book, with few additions from Gyani Narain Singh Ji’s Steek. If this Kirpa of Guruji continues, he will surely take the next seva too. Thank you for reading this, now on to the article :)

Charitropakhyan – Introduction and Analysis of Charitar No.1 – Chandi Charitar


This composition of Sri Dasam Granth – completed at Sri Anandpur Sahib in Bikrami 1753 (1696 AD) – is the most loathed work by this Granth’s adversaries. It mainly describes the characters of females trapped in pursuits of pleasure; although there are few descriptions of male characters too. The primary sources of these Charitars are the Mahabharata, stories from Puranas, Brihat Katha, Saritasagar Katha, Alif Laila, and Katha Granths etc.; but they also contain famous religious, social and historical tales from local and international places. These stories are associated with kings and queens, prince and princesses, wealthy people, sadhus and sanyasis, prostitutes, etc.; with mostly amatory stories being prominent. There is a moral message, in one form or another, attached with each of these stories; a message that is universally applicable to entire mankind. Those who are sceptical of Sri Dasam Granth believe that, because indecent language flows in this composition, it cannot be work of Guruji. They consider it to be work of Shaakat poets (worshippers of Maya), because it is their belief that it includes Shaakatpanthis characteristics of engrossment in Maya. Although scholars like Bhai Kahn Singh ‘Nabha’ do not doubt that it is the work of Guruji, they believe that, in the debate that followed within the Panth after the compilation of Banis in Sri Dasam Granth by Bhai Mani Singh Ji, some Sikhs were of the view that since it is difficult to read this Bani amongst mothers and sisters, it should be left in a separate pothi so that while responsible individuals can read and recite such Banis, wider Sangat does not get to face any moral difficulties of doing its paath. Even though the author of this Bani has not divided it into sections, we could divide it in logical categories for our purposes of in-depth critical analysis and disquisition.
This Bani begins in the following manner:

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ੴ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫਤਹਿ
ਸ੍ਰੀ ਭਗੌਤੀ ਏ ਨਮ। ਅਥ ਪਖਯਾਨ ਚਰਿਤ੍ਰ ਲਿਖਯਤੇ। ਪਾਤਸਾਹੀ ੧੦।

For the sake of convenience of our readers, we take the liberty of dividing this Bani as follows:
1. It begins with ‘Chandi Charitar’ comprising of 48 verses, in which the Devi has been eulogised.
2. In the second part, ministers of King Chitr Singh tell him 402 different tales of crimes originating from sexual desires (Kaam), so that the dreadful veil of kaam could be lifted from his mind.
3. After 403 tales, there is a composition called ‘Sabudh Baach’ in which ‘Baala’ and ‘Kaal’ clash with demons.
4. In the end, there is the ever popular ‘Kabeyo Baach Benti’ (Hamri Karo Haath Dai Raccha).

A brief analysis of the above four categories can help in clearing many misconceptions about this work:

CHARITAR NUMBER 1 – CHANDI CHARITAR

In 48 verses, the character of ‘Chandi’ has been described, but here Chandi is not a revered Devi of Hindu or any Tantric faith. Chandi is that force of Akal Purakh which, from the beginning of time, has been active in destroying impious forces. This force is also the sword, and also the blade. It is one such sword, the rein of which is diverse and widespread even in far off lands, in all four corners; therefore, it is inappropriate to group and limit this maternal-force to India and its religions. It is Jogmaya (the force with which the universe is created), Saraswati (the Devi of knowledge) and mighty Bhawani. It has brought about the existence of Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh, as per the following:

In 48 verses, the character of ‘Chandi’ has been described, but here Chandi is not a revered Devi of Hindu or any Tantric faith. Chandi is that force of Akal Purakh which, from the beginning of time, has been active in destroying impious forces. This force is also the sword, and also the blade. It is one such sword, the rein of which is diverse and widespread even in far off lands, in all four corners; therefore, it is inappropriate to group and limit this maternal-force to India and its religions. It is Jogmaya (the force with which the universe is created), Saraswati (the Devi of knowledge) and mighty Bhawani. It has brought about the existence of Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh, as per the following:

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ਤੁਹੀ ਖੜਗਧਾਰਾ ਤੁਹੀ ਬਾਢਵਾਰੀ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਤੀਰ ਤਰਵਾਰ ਕਾਤੀ ਕਟਾਰੀ ॥ ਹਲਬੀ ਜੁਨਬੀ ਮਗਰਬੀ ਤੁਹੀ ਹੈ ॥ ਨਿਹਾਰੌ ਜਹਾ ਆਪੁ ਠਾਢੀ ਵਹੀ ਹੈ ॥੧॥
ਤੁਹੀ ਜੋਗ ਮਾਯਾ ਤੁਸੀ ਬਾਕਬਾਨੀ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਆਪੁ ਰੂਪਾ ਤੁਹੀ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਭਵਾਨੀ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਬਿਸਨ ਤੂ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਤੂ ਰੁਦ੍ਰ ਰਾਜੈ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਬਿਸ੍ਵ ਮਾਤਾ ਸਦਾ ਜੈ ਬਿਰਾਜੈ ॥੨॥
ਤੁਹੀ ਦੇਵ ਤੂ ਦੈਤ ਤੈ ਜਛੁ ਉਪਾਏ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਤੁਰਕ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਜਗਤ ਮੈ ਬਨਾਏ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਪੰਥ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਅਵਤਰੀ ਸ੍ਰਿਸਟਿ ਮਾਹੀ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਬਕ੍ਰਤ ਤੇ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਬਾਦੋ ਬਕਾਹੀ ॥੩॥
ਅਰਥ (ਗਿਆਨੀ ਨਰੈਣ ਸਿੰਘ) – ਹੇ ਭਗੌਤੀ ! ਤੂਹੀ ਸਿਧੀ ਤਲਵਾਰ ਦੀ ਧਾਰ ਏਂ ਅਤੇ ਤੂਹੀ ਟੇਢੀ ਤਲਵਾਰ ਏਂ । ਤੂਹੀ ਤੀਰ, ਤਲਵਾਰ ਕਾਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਕਟਾਰ ਏਂ । ਤੂਹੀ ਸ਼ਾਮ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ ਸ਼ਹਿਰ ਹਲੱਬ ਦੀ ਬਣੀ ਹੱਲਬੀ ਤਲਵਾਰ ਏਂ ਅਤੇ ਪੱਛਮੀ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੀ ਤਲਵਾਰ ਏਂ । ਜਿਧਰ ਵੀ ਮੈਂ ਵੇਖਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਉਥੇ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਬਿਰਾਜਮਾਨ ਪਾਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ ॥੧॥
ਹੇ ਭਗੌਤੀ! ਤੂਹੀ ਜੋਗ ਮਾਇਆ, ਸਰਸਵਤੀ, ਵਿਕਰਾਲ ਰੂਪ ਅਤੇ ਭਵਾਨੀ ਏਂ । ਤੂਹੀ ਵਿਸ਼ਨੂੰ, ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਮਾਤਾ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿਚ ਸਦਾ ਬਿਰਾਜਮਾਨ ਏਂ ॥੨॥
ਤੂਹੀ ਦੇਵ, ਦਾਨਵ, ਰਾਕਸ਼, ਤੁਰਕ ਤੇ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਇਸ ਸੰਸਾਰ ਵਿਚ ਪੈਦਾ ਕੀਤੇ ਹਨ । ਤੂਹੀ ਸੰਸਾਰ ਵਿਚ ਵੱਖ ਵੱਖ ਮਾਰਗਾਂ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿਚ ਆਈ ਏਂ ਅਤੇ ਤੂੰਹੀ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦੇ ਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਚਰਚਾ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪੈਦਾ ਕੀਤਾ ॥੩॥

In above verses, we can see that this force manifests itself as the source of creation of not only numerous Devis but also the three main Devtas. In no way it is a Devi of Hindu faith, for it is the creator of this entire universe and also of people of different faiths and beliefs. Not only that, the spread of different faiths and religions is its own expansion. All those who live in remembrance of Akal Purakh are created by this very force. It has got extremely horrific appearance and it is also like an extremely beautiful, virgin girl. These paradoxical forms presented above are worth contemplating on. Here, instead of being a Devi, the source of creation, or the Primal Force, it takes on the form of a female. The protagonist of 403 Charitars is a nymph of ugly proportions whereas the protagonist ‘Baala’ of ‘Sabudh Baach’ is pure and chaste girl that is decorated with pure qualities; she is someone whose chastity can never be violated. This virtuous ‘Baala’ takes the position of ‘Kaur’ in Sikh faith. It is a mistake to call ‘Kaur’ princess of the Guru. The word ‘Kaur’ (ਕੌਰ) is derived from ‘Kunwar’ (ਕੁੰਵਰਿ), which means ‘A chaste female’ i.e. a female whose purity remains intact forever. Thus, its ugly form is associated with a nymphomaniac, while its beauty is associated with high moral character.

The Chandi of Charitropakhyan is the source of creation, the Devi, the force of Maya, slayer of demons in the form of deadly weapons, and in the form of cultured and virtuous woman too. Not only it is the destroyer of demons like ‘Sumbh-Nisumbh’, ‘Chand-Mund’, ‘Rakhatbeej’, etc.; it also is the source of the enunciation of all four Vedas. This primal force is also the creator of all struggles and conflicts in this world. It manifests as ‘Narsingh’ and destroys the demon ‘Harnakash’. This force also takes on the form of brave men and courageous women. It is creator of this universe and also its destroyer. It takes on the form of Ram in order to destroy ‘Ravana’ and it also takes on the Avatar of Krishna for the destruction of demon ‘Kans’. In these situations, it does not remain the primal force of Shaakats and Tantriks; instead it emerges as the constructive force of Akal Purakh Waheguru Ji, the mention of which appears in ‘Anand Sahib’ Bani of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj:

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ਸਿਵ ਸਕਤਿ ਆਪਿ ਉਪਾਇ ਕੈ ਕਰਤਾ ਆਪੇ ਹੁਕਮੁ ਵਰਤਾਏ ॥

Similarly, there is also mention of this force in Guru’s Arjan Dev Ji’s Bani ‘Maaru Di Vaar’. Here, we are told of Waheguru Ji’s dominance and command over this force of creation. In ‘Devi Bhagvat Puran’ too, the Devi is the force of creation – ‘Namō Devai Parkaritai’ (ਨਮੋ ਦੇਵਯੈ ਪ੍ਰਕ੍ਰਿਤਯੈ). In reality, the Devi of Hindu Shaastras is both the force of ‘Sankhai Shaastar’ as well as the force of God. It is present as the force of Maya of God, above the forms of wife of Devtas and those of numerous Devis. This quote from ‘Devi Bhagvat Puran’ verifies the above stated fact – “Brahma asked: ‘Are you male or female?’ To this, Devi replied: ‘The One and Only truth is Brahm, there is no difference between us. Whatever He is, I am that. Due to ignorance, people differentiate between me and Him. Only that Brahm is supreme, He is indestructible and has been present even before the beginning of time (Snatan). During the process of creation of this universe, it takes up countless different forms and that is when we both appear different, like a reflection in the mirror. At the end of the universe, I cease to exist as a male or female…. “. This Devi, the force of Maya, is definitely different from the Devi that is worshipped as the wife of Devtas. In some areas of the Tantric faith, it appears to have superiority over the male or Shiva. According to Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj however, this force performs its actions as per the Hukam of Akal Purakh Waheguru:

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ਹਾਠਾ ਦੋਵੈ ਕੀਤੀਓ ਸਿਵ ਸਕਤਿ ਵਰਤਾਈਆ ॥
ਸਿਵ ਅਗੈ ਸਕਤੀ ਹਾਰਿਆ ਏਵੈ ਹਰਿ ਭਾਈਆ ॥
(Ang 1096, SGGS Ji)

The girl ‘Baala’ of Charitropakhyan is also shown to perform her actions within the sweet Hukam of Waheguru, although absolute victory in ‘holy war’ initiated by the male is depicted to be impossible without ‘Baala’ bursting into the battle scene. To win over ‘Kaal-Purakh’ in husband form is her penultimate goal. In this case, she is the soul-bride and Kaal-Purakh Waheguru as husband. In contrast to the indecent and ignominious union of male and female that was mentioned in the dialogues of minister ‘Bhoop’, this establishes the male and female union of limitless purity and pulls mankind out of the sorry state of that disgraceful situation; and even though narrative style may appear to be different from that of Bani of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, the similarity in the levels of purity depicted in its final form is unparalleled and inseparable.

In this first Charitar, that primal force is in the form of Vishnu resting comfortably on the bed of Shesh-Naag’s coil and that very force is in the form of lion-riding Durga too. That force is also the red-clothes-wearing Usha (in the form of red colours of Dawn) i.e. a highly virtuous woman has the capacity to destroy darkness and deliver new verve and freshness to life. It is also the wearer of white clothes (in the form of bright light in high skies) and it is also the yellow-colour-clad evening (in the form of pale yellow light of Dusk). Thus, woman depicts limitless beauty in all three stages of life – Childhood, Youth and Old age. Without any doubt, this Devi is Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s vision of utopian virtuous woman, and is totally different from the Devi mentioned in Puran-Shaasters. These sentiments are in no way different from those depicted in the verses of universally accepted ‘Akal Ustat’, where Waheguru has been described as diversified in various forms of Devi:

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ਕਹੂੰ ਦੇਵਬਾਨੀ ਕਹੂੰ ਸਾਰਦਾ ਭਵਾਨੀ ਕਹੂੰ ਮੰਗਲਾ ਮ੍ਰਿੜਾਨੀ ਕਹੂੰ ਸਿਆਮ ਕਹੂੰ ਸੇਤ ਹੋ ॥

In these verses of ‘Akal Ustat’, Waheguru has been referred to as forms of Devi, because according to Sikh philosophy the force of creation, Maya or primal-force is nothing but diversification of The Brahm. In reality, upon reading descriptions of Chandi Charitars at different places of Sri Dasam Granth, it appears as if Guru Gobind Singh Ji, by saying ‘Only Thou!, Only Thou!’, is describing various forms of Akal Purakh Waheguru and is seeing Him omnipresent in everything around. The following verses of ‘Chandi Charitar’ exemplify this state:

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ਆਦਿ ਅਪਾਰ ਅਲੇਖ ਅਨੰਤ ਅਕਾਲ ਅਭੇਖ ਅਲਖ ਅਨਾਸਾ ॥
ਕੈ ਸਿਵ ਸਕਤ ਦਏ ਸ੍ਰੁਤਿ ਚਾਰ ਰਜੋ ਤਮ ਸਤ ਤਿਹੂੰ ਪੁਰ ਬਾਸਾ ॥
ਦਿਉਸ ਨਿਸਾ ਸਸਿ ਸੂਰ ਕੈ ਦੀਪਕ ਸ੍ਰਿਸਟਿ ਰਚੀ ਪੰਚ ਤਤ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸਾ ॥
ਬੈਰ ਬਢਾਇ ਲਰਾਇ ਸੁਰਾਸੁਰ ਆਪਹਿ ਦੇਖਤ ਬੈਠ ਤਮਾਸਾ ॥੧॥

Meaning – The one who is Primal, Infinite, beyond any description, limitless, deathless, garbles, invisible, and eternal; (who) created Shiv-Shakti, four Vedas, rajo-tamo-sato three modes of Maya, and pervades in all three worlds; (who) created day and night, the lamps of Sun and Moon, the whole world and the five elements; (who) extended enmity and fight between the gods and demons and Himself seated (separately) watches over it. [The author has made a footnote here stating that original Gurmukhi translation of the verse presented above is taken from Dr. Rattan Singh Jaggi’s Steek (staunch adversary of Sri Dasam Granth) so that no allegation of wrong meanings could be levelled against him.]

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ਦੋਹਰਾ ॥
ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾ ਸਿੰਧ ਤੁਮਰੀ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾ ਜੋ ਕਛੁ ਮੋ ਪਰਿ ਹੋਇ ॥
ਰਚੋ ਚੰਡਿਕਾ ਕੀ ਕਥਾ ਬਾਣੀ ਸੁਭ ਸਭ ਹੋਇ ॥੨॥
ਜੋਤ ਜਗਮਗੈ ਜਗਤਿ ਮੈ ਚੰਡ ਚਮੁੰਡ ਪ੍ਰਚੰਡ ॥
ਭੁਜ ਦੰਡਨ ਦੰਡਨਿ ਅਸੁਰ ਮੰਡਨ ਭੁਇ ਨਵ ਖੰਡ ॥੩॥

Meaning – O Ocean of mercy! If Thy Grace is bestowed upon me, (then) I may compose the story of Durga and my poetry (Bani) could be the best |2| (whose) light is shining in the world, (who) is the mighty destroyer of demons like Chand-Mund, (whose) mighty arms punishes the demons and (who) is the creator of the nine regions of this universe.

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ਸ੍ਵੈਯਾ ॥
ਤਾਰਨ ਲੋਕ ਉਧਾਰਨ ਭੂਮਹਿ ਦੈਤ ਸੰਘਾਰਨ ਚੰਡਿ ਤੁਹੀ ਹੈ ॥
ਕਾਰਨ ਈਸ ਕਲਾ ਕਮਲਾ ਹਰਿ ਅਦ੍ਰਸੁਤਾ ਜਹ ਦੇਖੇ ਉਹੀ ਹੈ ॥
ਤਾਮਸਤਾ ਮਮਤਾ ਨਮਤਾ ਕਵਿਤਾ ਕਵਿ ਕੇ ਮਨ ਮਧਿ ਗੁਹੀ ਹੈ ॥
ਕੀਨੋ ਹੈ ਕੰਚਨ ਲੋਹ ਜਗਤ੍ਰ ਮੈ ਪਾਰਸ ਮੂਰਤਿ ਜਾਇ ਛੁਹੀ ਹੈ ॥੪॥

Meaning – It is you Durga, who ferries across the people; you are the redeemer of earth and slayer of demons. You are the cause of Shakti of Shiva – Parvati, and Shakti of Vishnu – Lakshami. You are the Rajo-Tamo-Sato qualities essence of which is the poetry, latent in mind of the poet. You are the philosopher’s stone in the world, which transforms the iron that it touches into gold.
The same feelings are also seen in ‘Chandi Di Vaar’:

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ਖੰਡਾ ਪ੍ਰਿਥਮੈ ਸਾਜ ਕੈ ਜਿਨ ਸਭ ਸੈਸਾਰੁ ਉਪਾਇਆ ॥
ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਬਿਸਨੁ ਮਹੇਸ ਸਾਜਿ ਕੁਦਰਤਿ ਦਾ ਖੇਲੁ ਰਚਾਇ ਬਣਾਇਆ ॥
ਸਿੰਧੁ ਪਰਬਤ ਮੇਦਨੀ ਬਿਨੁ ਥੰਮ੍ਹਾ ਗਗਨਿ ਰਹਾਇਆ ॥
ਸਿਰਜੇ ਦਾਨੋ ਦੇਵਤੇ ਤਿਨ ਅੰਦਰਿ ਬਾਦੁ ਰਚਾਇਆ ॥
ਤੈ ਹੀ ਦੁਰਗਾ ਸਾਜਿ ਕੈ ਦੈਤਾ ਦਾ ਨਾਸੁ ਕਰਾਇਆ ॥
ਤੈਥੋਂ ਹੀ ਬਲੁ ਰਾਮ ਲੈ ਨਾਲ ਬਾਣਾ ਦਹਸਿਰੁ ਘਾਇਆ ॥
ਤੈਥੋਂ ਹੀ ਬਲੁ ਕ੍ਰਿਸਨ ਲੈ ਕੰਸੁ ਕੇਸੀ ਪਕੜਿ ਗਿਰਾਇਆ ॥
ਬਡੇ ਬਡੇ ਮੁਨਿ ਦੇਵਤੇ ਕਈ ਜੁਗ ਤਿਨੀ ਤਨੁ ਤਾਇਆ ॥
ਕਿਨੀ ਤੇਰਾ ਅੰਤੁ ਨ ਪਾਇਆ ॥੨॥

Meaning – The supreme authority first created Shakti in the form of double-edged sword; (then) created the entire world. After creating Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh, (then) created the play of Nature. (You created) the oceans, mountains and land and suspended the skies without support of any columns. (You then) created Devtas and Demons and created strife amongst them. You also created Durga and (through her) destroyed the demons. Ram Chander received all his might from You, who then killed Ravana with arrows. Krishna received the strength from You, who threw down Kans by grabbing his hair. Great sages and Devtas practiced great austerities for many Yugas, (but out of them) no one could find Your end.

Similar expressions can be seen in the beginning of Raas-Leela (dance and celebration) episode of ‘Krishnavtar’. It is important to explain here that progression and social development of women was Sri Guruji’s first priority. At the end of ‘Bachitter Natak’, Guruji gives hint of writing about tales associated with Avtars; however, he also states that he will write ‘Chandi Charitar’ before ‘Avtar-Leela’. In ‘Raas-Leela’ of ‘Krishnavtar’, the amorous portrayal of Gopis was an inseparable part in traditional puranic texts, and as such, its mention was crucial for the poet. Before that description however, Guruji writes about ‘Devi Di Ustat’ (eulogy to woman). The real puporse of this narrative is to clarify that, although mention of sexuality of Gopis was crucial, it is not the only facet of woman; rather, her true form is that of a virtuous, brave, fierce (like edge of a sword), and pure Devi. In the above narrative, Guruji, by saying ‘Only Thou! Only Thou!’ creates such a majestic impression; it’s almost as if he is praising Akal Purakh with each description of female form. In concluding verses of ‘Devi Ustat’ in ‘Krishnavtar’, Guruji makes Akal Purakh and Devi indistinguishable, just like in Gurbani, where all the Avtars and their names point towards that one and only Akal Purakh Waheguru:

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ਤੁਹੀ ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮੀ ਬੈਸ਼ਨਵੀ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਭਵਾਨੀ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਬਾਸਵੀ ਈਸ਼੍ਵਰੀ ਕਾਰਤਕਯਾਨੀ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਅੰਬਕਾ ਦੁਸ਼ਟਹਾ ਮੁੰਡ ਮਾਲੀ ॥ ਤੁਹੀ ਕਸ਼ਟ ਹੰਤੀ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾ ਕੈ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾਲੀ ॥੪੩੦॥
ਤੁਮੀ ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣੀ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਹਿਰੰਨਾਛ ਮਾਰਯੋ ॥ ਹਰੰਨਾਕਸ਼ੰ ਸਿੰਘਣੀ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਪਛਾਰਯੋ ॥ ਤੁਮੀ ਬਾਵਨੀ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਤਿਨੋ ਲੋਗ ਮਾਪੇ ॥ ਤੁਮੀ ਦੇਵ ਦਾਨੋ ਕੀਏ ਜੱਛ ਥਾਪੇ ॥੪੩੧॥
ਤੁਮੀ ਰਾਮ ਹ੍ਵੈਕੈ ਦਸਾਗ੍ਰੀਵ ਖੰਡਯੋ ॥ ਤੁਮੀ ਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਕੰਸ ਕੇਸੀ ਬਿਹੰਡਯੋ ॥ ਤੁਮੀ ਜਾਲਪਾ ਹ੍ਵੈ ਬਿੜਾਲਾਛ ਘਾਯੋ ॥ ਤੁਮੀ ਸੁੰਭ ਸੁੰਭ ਨੈਸੁੰਭ ਦਾਨੋ ਖਪਾਯੋ ॥੪੩੨॥
ਦੋਹਰਾ ॥
ਦਾਸ ਜਾਨ ਕਰਿ ਦਾਸ ਪਰਿ ਕੀਜੈ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾ ਅਪਾਰ ॥ ਹਾਥ ਦੈ ਰਾਖ ਦੈ ਰਾਖ ਮੁਹਿ ਮਨ ਕ੍ਰਮ ਬਚਨ ਬਿਚਾਰ ॥੪੩੩॥

In Charitropakhyan, majority of the charitars written in dialogues of ministers “Bhoop” present an amorous picture of females. The only motive of writing ‘Chandi Charitar’ in the beginning of this composition is to state that the real image of females in the mind of the poet is not of a sexual nature. That form is only created by wealthy people and pleasure-seeking libertines like King Chitr Singh. In her true form, she adopts that active force which is fully capable of eradicating all crimes and evils from this world. On one hand, there is a social structure that gladly hands her the sword for the destruction of tyrants, and also gives her equal opportunities to excel and touch the peaks of success in all walks of life. On the other hand however, there is that primitive male-dominated social order which treats her like an object of sexual desire and keeps her confined to the parameters of the house. Such social structure pushes her towards destructive activities. Her extremely sharp intellect and limitless strength is capable of breaching walls of the house; even in that confinement, she has the capacity to destroy the biggest of kings, wealthy and powerful people without using even a single weapon. Therefore, it is up to the male society to decide whether it wants to choose destruction or progression. The path of equality of men and women leads to progression, while inequality will most certainly bring about destruction and chaos. If male society chooses the road of progression and gives her equal opportunities in constructive tasks, evils, oppressions, and immorality will be destroyed. But, if she is sidelined and forced to live under shadow of males, she will keep reminding male society of her limitless force even while treading on the path forced upon her. Male writes at length about her characters, yet he is the one responsible for her destructive form. When male society is aware of the fact that female intellect is capable of transforming any impossibility into plausible situation, then why does it look down on women? Why does it not use her peerless strength for growth and betterment of humanity? In Charitropakhyan, she, with her sharp intellectuality and limitless capability, destroys the enemies of Faith with her fierce tigress bites; she also eradicates fears from the minds of meek and oppressed Brahmins. Dasam Guru Pita Ji tells us that this Devi, this force, has appeared in the form of Sri Krishna, Lord Buddha and avatars like ‘Machh’ and ‘Kachh’. He describes some of her capabilities in Charitropakhyan:

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ਭਾਨ ਸੇ ਤੇਜ ਭਯਾਨਕ ਭੂਤਜ ਭੂਧਰ ਸੇ ਜਿਨ ਕੇ ਤਨ ਭਾਰੇ ॥
ਭਾਰੀ ਗੁਮਾਨ ਭਰੇ ਮਨ ਭੀਤਰ ਭਾਰ ਪਰੇ ਨਹਿ ਸੀ ਪਗ ਧਾਰੇ ॥
ਭਾਲਕ ਜਯੋ ਭਭਕੈ ਬਿਨੁ ਭੈਰਨ ਭੈਰਵ ਭੇਰਿ ਬਜਾਇ ਨਗਾਰੇ ॥
ਤੇ ਭਟ ਝੂਮਿ ਗਿਰੇ ਰਨ ਭੂਮਿ ਭਵਾਨੀ ਜੂ ਕੇ ਭਲਕਾਨ ਕੇ ਮਾਰੇ ॥੧੮॥

Meaning – The demons were as radiant as the Sun, and their bodies were mighty as the mountains. They were so full of ego that they could not place their feet on the ground. They roared like big, grizzly bears and fearlessly played horrific sounds on the war-drums and Nagaras. These demons fell down spinning when Bhawani attacked them with her arrows.

In reality, with Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji as base, an effort has been made to inform the whole world that no other religion or philosophy can match the praise and respect given to women in Sikh faith. In Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji, the battlefields, in which even king of men ‘Indra’ becomes unsuccessful in defeating the enemy, woman comes out victorious. We get to see an exquisite descriptive example of this in ‘Chandi Di Vaar’. The following appears in Charitropakhyan:

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ਜੇਨ ਮਿਟੇ ਬਿਕਟੇ ਭਟ ਕਾਹੂ ਸੌ ਬਾਸਵ ਸੌ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਨ ਪਛੇਲੇ ॥ ਤੇ ਗਰਜੇ ਜਬ ਹੀ ਰਨ ਮੈ ਗਨ ਭਾਜਿ ਚਲੇ ਬਿਨੁ ਆਪੁ ਅਕੇਲੇ ॥ ਤੇ ਕੁਪਿ ਕਾਲਿ ਕਟੇ ਝਟ ਕੈ ਕਦਲੀ ਬਨ ਜ੍ਯੋ ਧਰਨੀ ਪਰ ਮੇਲੇ ॥ ਸ੍ਰੋਨ ਰੰਗੀਨ ਭਏ ਪਟ ਮਾਨਹੁ ਫਾਗੁ ਸਮੈ ਸਭ ਚਾਚਰਿ ਖੇਲੇ ॥੨੯॥

Meaning – The horrible warriors could not be destroyed; even ‘Indra’ could not manage to push them back. When they roared in the battlefield, everyone except ‘Kali’ fled the scene. Kali (whose form is stigmatised by society) got enraged and chopped the warriors down; like forest of bananas trees chopped and spread on ground. Their clothes got drench with blood; it’s as if everyone is merrily dancing during Holi.

This is how woman’s valiant (constructive) form is depicted in the parable of ‘Chandi’ in the first Ang of ‘Charitropakhyan’.

Significance Of Charitaropakhyan (And Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji) – English translation

Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa
Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh Guru Roop Sangat Jeo,

Daas was blessed by a Singh yesterday with the seva of translating the famous Maskeen Sahib Ji’s lecture on Kaam, in which he talks on the topic of Charitropakyaan and the relevance of it (And Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji) in a Sikh’s jeevan. It certainly helped me to understand the philosophy behind Charitars in a different light. It is hoped that this translation will prove helpful for others too, and perhaps also as a reference for all the Guru Pyaare Gursikhs who do their best to defend the honour of Dasam Pita Ji’s Bani. Please please please accept my sincerest apologies for making all the mistakes in this text. i would also like to apologise for skipping few minutes of audio from the original clip, the portions which i thought are recaps and summaries of things already discussed.

Bhulla Chukka Maaf,
Prabhjot Singh


The Significance Of Charitaropakhyan (And Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji)

-Gyani Sant Singh Ji Maskeen

ੴ ਸਤਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਕਰਤਾ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਨਿਰਭਉ ਨਿਰਵੈਰੁ ਅਕਾਲ ਮੂਰਤਿ ਅਜੂਨੀ ਸੈਭੰ ਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ ॥ ਜਪੁ ॥ ਆਦਿ ਸਚੁ ਜੁਗਾਦਿ ਸਚੁ ॥ ਹੈ ਭੀ ਸਚੁ ਨਾਨਕ ਹੋਸੀ ਭੀ ਸਚੁ ॥੧॥

There are many topics in Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj that remain untouched and unexplored by religious scholars and kathavachaks because of different reasons. One reason is that sometimes it is difficult to understand and grasp the meanings. Another reason could be that sometimes one does not feel like talking about/discussing it. Yet another reason could be that maybe society and social order will not be able to tolerate it if discussed. But all of these three reasons should not be considered when truth has to be discussed.

ਕਲਿ ਕਲਵਾਲੀ ਕਾਮੁ ਮਦੁ ਮਨੂਆ ਪੀਵਣਹਾਰੁ ॥
kal kalavaalee kaam madh manooaa peevanehaar ||
The Dark Age of Kali Yuga is the vessel, filled with the wine of sexual desire; the mind is the drunkard.

ਕ੍ਰੋਧ ਕਟੋਰੀ ਮੋਹਿ ਭਰੀ ਪੀਲਾਵਾ ਅਹੰਕਾਰੁ ॥
krodhh kattoree mohi bharee peelaavaa ahankaar ||
Anger is the cup, filled with emotional attachment, and egotism is the server. (Ang 553, SGGS Ji)

The reason of discussing this subject (about Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji) is because there is a lot of questions and objections being raised against Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji, be it India or Abroad. These if-and-buts are being voiced by people who claim to be researchers and learned people, yet have absolutely no knowledge about Sikh history.

There were 52 poets in the court of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji Maharaj’s court, each specialising in different genres of poetry. Some created poems in Comic/satirical form (Haas-Rass), some were experienced in writing soft poems creating atmosphere of peace (Shaant-Rass), and some were well versed with writing poems full of fighting spirit and fearlessness (Bir-Rass), and there were other poets who had the gift of writing about physical beauty (Shingaar-Rass), which includes everything related to Kaam-Rass.

There is only one form of energy given to human beings. The great religious figures of India including Guru Nanak Dev Ji, Guru Arjan Dev Ji and Kabir Ji have all called that energy ‘Kaam’. If this Kaam-Rass is not converted into Naam-Rass, then it (Kaam) will offshoot into other evils (vikaars) like Greed (Lobh), Ego (Ahankaar), and Desire (Vaashna). The examples of such transformations of Kaam-Rass can be seen all around us. Since energy within increases with every day that passes, which means kaam increases and as a result, greed, ego and desires will also increase. That is why it is Kaam that is also greed, ego and desire – Kaam-Lobh, Kaam-Ahankaar, and Kaam-Vaashna. And if this energy remains in its original form, it will also transform into Anger (Krodh). Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj says:

ਕਾਮੁ ਕ੍ਰੋਧੁ ਕਾਇਆ ਕਉ ਗਾਲੈ ॥
kaam krodhh kaaeiaa ko gaalai ||
Unfulfilled sexual desire and unresolved anger waste the body away,

ਜਿਉ ਕੰਚਨ ਸੋਹਾਗਾ ਢਾਲੈ ॥
jio kanchan sohaagaa dtaalai ||
as gold is dissolved by borax. (Ang 932, SGGS Ji)

Such energy will melt the precious life away because Kaam once converted into Anger (Krodh), a raging fire that will burn down all the angelic and pure qualities within. 90% of the people that create havoc on this planet are the ones in whom Kaam has transformed into anger. In such people, Kaam-Lobh, Kaam-Ahankaar, and Kaam-Vaashna has remained unsatisfied and that is why Kaam takes the form of Anger (Kaam-Krodh).

The energy (Kaam-Rass) can be put to constructive use if one is able to convert it into Raam-Rass, Naam-Rass. Nature does not want that this energy transforms into greed. If that happens, seeds of stealing will germinate in such a person. If Kaam has transformed into anger, then lots of head will fall as a result. The more egoistic and angry a person, the more he denies the existence of Akal Purakh. However, this Kaam energy should be transformed into Kaam-Vaashna so that process of giving birth could be initiated, so that a new creation (and in him/her, the Creator) can be born.

Without meditation (Japp), this Kaam energy will not rise upwards in positive direction. Once that happen, this very energy will now transform into kindness (Dyaa), knowledge, art, science and eventually will become Naam-Rass. A sick, helpless person cannot be angry or cruel and at that same time cannot meditate either because there is no energy left within that could be transformed into any of the above. One needs energy to earn money and one also needs energy to earn Naam. A child is born out of extra energy within and Naam-Rass is born out of the extra energy too. Just as one needs food for the body in different stages of life, be it childhood, youth or old age, similarly there is an equal need of the soul for meditation and Naam-Rass. The food given to a small child is in the slow stage of transformation into Kaam-Rass, albeit not in explicitly visible form at this stage – that Kaam energy will surface in the youth and will last till the last days of life. If a person in his/her youth is not able to convert the Kaam-Rass into Naam-Rass, then he/she will remain a Kaami right down to the ripe old age.

ਤੁਮ ਕਹੀਅਤ ਹੌ ਜਗਤ ਗੁਰ ਸੁਆਮੀ ॥
thum keheeath ha jagath gur suaamee ||
You are called the Lord and Master, the Guru of the World.

ਹਮ ਕਹੀਅਤ ਕਲਿਜੁਗ ਕੇ ਕਾਮੀ ॥੧॥
ham keheeath kalijug kae kaamee ||1||
I am called a lustful being of the Dark Age of Kali Yuga. ||1|| (Ang 710, SGGS Ji)

One gets born with Kaam, lives life in kaam, and dies full of kaam-rass. Since Kaam-Vaashna remains within at the time of death, a new cycle of rebirth starts. If one is born out of kaam, lives a small portion of life in kaam, but dies filled with Naam-Rass, such a person will be able to break the cycle of rebirth because there no Kaam-Vaashna remained within. This person will submerge in and become one with Akal Purakh.

Guru Nanak Dev Ji says, this world is a seller of wine, the intoxication:

ਕਲਿ ਕਲਵਾਲੀ ਕਾਮੁ ਮਦੁ ਮਨੂਆ ਪੀਵਣਹਾਰੁ ॥
kal kalavaalee kaam madh manooaa peevanehaar ||
The Dark Age of Kali Yuga is the vessel, filled with the wine of sexual desire; the mind is the drunkard.

ਕ੍ਰੋਧ ਕਟੋਰੀ ਮੋਹਿ ਭਰੀ ਪੀਲਾਵਾ ਅਹੰਕਾਰੁ ॥
krodhh kattoree mohi bharee peelaavaa ahankaar ||
Anger is the cup, filled with emotional attachment, and egotism is the server. (Ang 553, SGGS Ji)

The intoxication of that wine is Kaam. Why did Guru Nanak Dev Ji use wine as a reference to kaam? Wine is a drug that destroys one’s intellect and the ability to reason. Anyone who lives all the 8 pehars of a day wisely and thoughtfully will not be affected by Kaam-Vaashna. However, no matter how wise a person may be, once wine goes inside, it affects everybody and destroys the power to think and rationalise. One can dive inside water for 5 or 10 minutes, not forever, because unlike fish, it is not in the nature of human beings to be remain submerged in water. Still, one can still dive in for short amounts of time but eventually will have to come out on the surface. Similarly, in anger, ego or desire, one dives in deep below the surface of intellect and reason. In any of these states, there is a complete absence of reasoning as intellect would not have let it happen in the first place. However, in Naam-Rass, one completely rises above and beyond the levels of intelligence, soaring to levels where grasps of reasoning and logic cannot come close. Sadly, what has happened instead is Kaam-Rass has become a part of our thoughts and remembrances, which should not have happened. The only thing that should remain in our thoughts is Akal Purakh Waheguru; kaam must remain confined to the boundaries of the body and not penetrate and take over our mind. It (kaam) was meant to be for the fulfillment of physical needs, to give birth, but instead it has taken over the mind and thoughts are now all full of kaam. And if it is always revolving in one’s thoughts and becomes a part of the lifestyle, it will surely force towards wrongdoings. Unsatisfied kaam will transform into anger which will be reflected from such a person’s face. This cup of anger is served by one’s ego.

These issues of kaam are discussed by Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj in Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji under the chapter ‘Charitropakhyaan’, which is being criticised by the nindaks of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji. They seem to forget that males and females both have their own characteristics – Excess levels of kaam will do nothing but bring out these characteristic. Similarly, excess levels of Kaam-Vaashna will force a male to perform immoral acts. Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj Ji clearly wrote about these characteristics and traits, now people have been objecting and saying it (Charitropakhyaan) cannot be Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s bani. If one can gather the courage to not acknowledge it as Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s bani, then one day such ignorant fools can turn around and say the same about the above bani of Guru Nanak Dev Ji Maharaj. Then, such fools can also start saying the following cannot have been said by Guru Nanak Dev Ji:

ਰੰਨਾ ਹੋਈਆ ਬੋਧੀਆ ਪੁਰਸ ਹੋਏ ਸਈਆਦ ॥
rannaa hoeeaa bodhheeaa puras hoeae seeaadh ||
Women have become advisors, and men have become hunters.

ਸੀਲੁ ਸੰਜਮੁ ਸੁਚ ਭੰਨੀ ਖਾਣਾ ਖਾਜੁ ਅਹਾਜੁ ॥
seel sanjam such bhannee khaanaa khaaj ahaaj ||
Humility, self-control and purity have run away; people eat the uneatable, forbidden food. (Ang 1243, SGGS Ji)

Actually the thing is, ignorant people go in the state of denial if a certain concept or thought does not align with their own thinking. Who to tell them they do not possess the levels of understanding and thinking required to able to understand such concepts. The reason such people feel hatred is because of the hatred present within them, that weakness still exists within them.

A saint never kills a theif, it is the thieves who fight amongst themselves and destroy each other. A thug will hit another thug as a saint will never even dream of doing such a thing. If we look closely at their behavior, we can see that it is jealousy and hatred towards their fellow thieves and thugs who, unlike them, have been able to make it big in their ‘professions’. A saint, on the other hand, never retaliates in hatred towards such people. The purpose of a saint is to change the rotten mindsets of lost people instead.

Once Rishi Vyaas was travelling in a boat on the river Ganges; He had long hair knotted up on the top of his head, and had a long free flowing beard. A few young people sitting on the same boat started teasing them. The rishi said nothing. Seeing that their taunts had no desired effect, they start splashing icy cold water from the river on him. A voice from rishi’s soul rose: “You tolerated all the abuse these guys threw at you, but now they have physically started abusing by splashing cold water on you, I will have to do something. If you say, I can turn the whole boat upside down”. The rishi folded both his hands and said,” What good would turning the boat upside down do? If you have to do something, why don’t you turn thinking downside up instead?” Thus, a saint has never hit or damaged an evil person.

ਮੈਲਾਗਰ ਬੇਰ੍ਹੇ ਹੈ ਭੁਇਅੰਗਾ ॥
mailaagar baerhae hai bhueiangaa ||
The snakes encircle the sandalwood trees.

ਬਿਖੁ ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤੁ ਬਸਹਿ ਇਕ ਸੰਗਾ ॥੨॥
bikh anmrith basehi eik sangaa ||2||
Poison and nectar dwell there together. ||2|| (Ang 525, SGGS Ji)

There is no distance separating poison and Amrit. Or one can say it like this: A poison can be turned into Amrit and vice-versa. The juice of grapes or sugarcanes is nectar but if we ferment it, the same nectar turns into wine, a poison. Poison is bitter, by fermentation the same sweet tasting nectar gets transformed into bitter, foul poison. The very products that were being the support elements of life – Grapes, sugarcane (sugar), oranges, etc – are now being used to destroy lives.

Sankheeya, a type of stone, is essentially a poison but Ayurvedic Vaids destroy it and turn it into something called Kushtaa, a form of medicine that is used to cure hundreds of various ailments. Similarly, snake’s poison is used in various medicines to cure people. Thus, a poison when carefully used can turn into pure nectar and conversely, if Amrit is misused, it can turn into poison. [Maskeen Ji narrates a personal story where one of his friends helped revive his badly sore throat by giving a small dose of Kushtaa, which was once a Sankhee (poison)]. Renowned poet Dr. Mohd. Iqbal describes this in his own unique style as –

Jo Zehar-e-halaa Hall hai wohi amrit hai naadaan,

Maaloom nahi tujh ko yeh hein andaaz peene kay.

If one has learnt the art of living, it is amrit otherwise that same life is nothing but poison. Similarly, if one knows the right use of materials and money, they are amrit; if not, the same money and materials will prove to be poison. Anyone who puts his/her own life to wrong use and purpose will not use anything else wisely and in right matter. People who have put their lives on wrong tracks will perhaps even interpret Gurbani in wrong way by doing terribly wrong translations and explanations. Maybe such people will also misuse Guruji’s Baana, Gurughars, Guruji’s panth and philosophy. By constant wrong-doings, everything will start turning into poison while right and just actions will turn everything into amrit. Some people, by constant negative actions, have made their homes pure hell, while there are others, who (by constant remembrance and love for Akal Purakh) have turned their homes into blissful heaven. The literal meaning of the word ‘Swarag’ (heaven) as written by the writer of the book, Saar Kitaavali:

Agyakaari Sutt ho Aur Mith Boli Naar, Dhan Apne Santokh Mann Yeh Chaar, Surag Sansaar.

He says, heaven is a home where there are obedient children, husband and wife standing on the same platform of similar interests and philosophy of life, money to provide necessities of life and contentment in hearts. That is what real heaven is.

One thing is clear: man has made a lot of progress in creating new breeds of animals and vegetation. There are cows that give more milk than ever before, pigs, dogs that are of higher quality breeds. Similarly, there are better seeds for different crops being developed and the yield of crops has substantially increased compared to that in past. However, it is also very clear that the kind of human being born in the present day and age are worse than ever before. Man has put all the efforts in creating and improving breeds of animals and vegetable yet has completely ignored to improve on his own self. Everything around us is evolving into something better, it is just children that are heading towards negative side and that is simply because parents have not put any effort into shaping them into better human beings.

From a religious standpoint, Baba Prithi Chand and Ram Rai were not bad people. Ram Rai had obtained Sidhhi and as such was a sidhh person who showed 72 different miracles to Aurangzeb. There are still a lot of followers of ram rai in the U.P. state of India, known as Ramraayiye. Since he performed miracles to create his own influence, he became arrogant as a result. Guru Har Rai Sahib Ji Maharaj forbade Sikhs to have any dealings with him from then on. Similarly, Prithi Chand was also a Sidhh but became selfish; he had Jahangir under his influence, which in turn was using him for his own purposes. Although he was not a bad person, yet his arrogance took over his senses and refused to acknowledge his younger brother, Guru Arjan Dev Ji, as the Guru. The same arrogance hit Baba ram rai when five and half years old Guru Harkrishan ji was appointed the next Guruji. Even though he was a Sidhh, he misused his spiritual powers just like Durbhasha, a Sidhh who put his powers to wrong use by cursing the whole family of Krishna.

Thus, although man has great powers and has concentrated his efforts on creating and developing better varities of animals and vegeatables, sadly no effort has been made in cultivating children into better adults. The whole effort is directed towards earning more money, building better houses, buying new products while children, who are the real treasure, are completely neglected. If we imitate the west for raising children, they will go out of control and in wrong directions. The west, being a capitalistic society, concentrates on wealth and ignores children and that is why the whole of Europe and America has gone spiritually corrupt and family life has pretty much become non-existent.

Coming back to the topic in question: If one can discuss and give expositions topics like anger, ego, desires, etc then why should we remain quiet when it comes to ‘forbidden’ topics? If we do, we will not be able to fully comprehend and remain under the influence of ignorance. If there is anger within, then we must understand it. If there is greed within, then we must try to understand its nature. Similarly, there is kaam within all of us, then we must make efforts to try to understand its nature and characteristics in order to properly utilise it

In India, there once lived a rishi called ‘Vatsayan’, he authored a book called ‘Kaam Sutra’ – the knowledge of Kaam. In it, he explicitly makes the claim that those who have no knowledge of kaam can have no understanding and knowledge of Ram. And he also says in the same book that anyone who is not able to rise above the levels of Kaam-Rass will never be able to reach and find Naam-Rass.

There is a about 18 temples in India that are known as the ‘Temples of Khajuraho’. These 18 temples are spread in about 20 square miles of land in a small place called Khajuraho. Although the total population of Khajuraho is about 19,000, there is a big airport which connects all the major cities of India to that place. In addition, there are regular bus services and other means of transport to these temples. Thousands of tourists and Indians travel from far and wide to see these temples. [Maskeen Ji says he had read about these temples and also a report by Gandhi recommending that these temples be razed to the ground because they depict sexuality and thus are immoral.] Everywhere one sees in and around these snatanee temple are statues of people engaged in various kaamic activities and nothing else. That is the only thing that people from all around the world come to see, even to this day. Such statues can also be seen at Jaganath Puri and Konark. These temples were built by religious rishis and saints of those times which strikes as surprising because it is not something one expects to see at religious places. Guru Nanak Dev Ji Maharaj had also visited the temples at Jaganath Puri and Konark. The religious ceremonies are not held in the temples of Khajuraho anymore, and tourists can be seen looking at the exteriors than interiors because it is the exteriors that have the kaamic statues, while inside there is a lone figure of either Shiva or another Hindu deity.

While researching about these temples, one thing struck Maskeen Ji. [He says] Life is a temple and on the exterior levels, there is nothing but kaam while Akal Purakh resides inside. Guru Arjan Dev Ji Maharaj says:

ਨਉ ਨਿਧਿ ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤੁ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਕਾ ਨਾਮੁ ॥
no nidhh anmrith prabh kaa naam ||
The nine treasures are in the Ambrosial Name of God.

ਦੇਹੀ ਮਹਿ ਇਸ ਕਾ ਬਿਸ੍ਰਾਮੁ ॥
dhaehee mehi eis kaa bisraam ||
Within the human body is its place of rest. (Ang 293, SGGS Ji)

Akal Purakh resides within, while all that is outside is Kaam. Since Kaam energy is nothing but dust, a kaami person will eventually become a part of dust. One can ask the question, how does kaam equals dust? Well, from dust came food (vegetables, etc), from food came blood, and from blood came Bindh (that creates), from that Bindh, a child (of flesh) is born, which eventually becomes dust again. Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj explains it as follows:

ਪਾਨੀ ਮੈਲਾ ਮਾਟੀ ਗੋਰੀ ॥
paanee mailaa maattee goree ||
The water of the sperm is cloudy, and the egg of the ovary is crimson.

ਇਸ ਮਾਟੀ ਕੀ ਪੁਤਰੀ ਜੋਰੀ ॥੧॥
eis maattee kee putharee joree ||1||
From this clay, the puppet is fashioned. ||1|| (Bhagat Kabir Ji, SGGS Ji)

ਮਾਤ ਪਿਤਾ ਸੰਜੋਗਿ ਉਪਾਏ ਰਕਤੁ ਬਿੰਦੁ ਮਿਲਿ ਪਿੰਡੁ ਕਰੇ ॥
maath pithaa sanjog oupaaeae rakath bindh mil pindd karae ||
Through the union of mother and father, the fetus is formed. The egg and sperm join together to make the body. (Guru Nanak Dev Ji, Ang 1013, SGGS Ji)

In this human body, there are some elements that are masculine in nature and others that are feminine. It is through the union of male and female a child is born, and thus has elements of both of them in him/her. Guru Nanak Dev Ji expresses it as:

ਪੁਰਖ ਮਹਿ ਨਾਰਿ ਨਾਰਿ ਮਹਿ ਪੁਰਖਾ ਬੂਝਹੁ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਗਿਆਨੀ ॥
purakh mehi naar naar mehi purakhaa boojhahu breham giaanee ||
The female is in the male, and the male is in the female. Understand this, O God-realized being! (Ang 879, SGGS Ji)

Those who consider them learned and big researchers, they should also understand this tukk. There is no such female that has no elements of male characteristics in her and similarly, there is no such man that has no female elements in him. The only reason a male has become a male is because the male elements in him are in majority as compared to the female elements. Similarly, a woman is a woman because the female elements in her are in majority in comparison to male elements. Thus, there is an incomplete father within a woman and an incomplete mother within a man. An incomplete mother wants to be complete, that is why a mother feels more attached to the male child than the girl child. Similarly, a male’s bonding and attachment is with the female child than the male child. Guru Nanak Dev Ji clarifies this thought:

ਬਾਲ ਕੰਨਿਆ ਕੌ ਬਾਪੁ ਪਿਆਰਾ ਭਾਈ ਕੌ ਅਤਿ ਭਾਈ ॥
baal kanniaa ka baap piaaraa bhaaee ka ath bhaaee ||
The father is dear to his young daughter, and the brother is very dear to his brother. (Ang 596, SGGS Ji)

There are many areas that have not been explored, and when Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj explains them in Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji, many fools have got up and have started creating unnecessary commotion within Sikh Panth. They ask, “Is it appropriate to read Triya Charitars?” Of course, but also read the description of characters of males as told to us by Sri Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji Maharaj in Hiqayats. The corruption of mindset of both male and female and the combination of these mindsets will bring about such disastrous consequences. If a child has turned out to be bad, then it is the bad parents that are responsible, at least they were bad at that particular moment when that child’s existence happened. Such parents may have corrected themselves, but surely they must have had bad qualities earlier when the child was conceived. [Maskeen Ji humbly apologies if he has hurt anyone with the 'harsh' words he said, although that was not his intention].

Significance of the love for Baani and Baana:

One has to connect with Gurbani and its message first, Guruji’s Baana will happen effortlessly. If one has tasted the Amrit of Gurbani, it is needless to say such a person will surely get connected to Khandeh Baatay Da Amrit. It is useless to force someone who hasn’t connected with Bani to get the blessings of Amrit as he/she will end up drinking (or do anything against rehat) and will bring bad name to the data of Amrit and to Guru’s Bani and Bana. Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj never forced anyone to take amrit. He had asked for a head, someone willing to give his/her head to Guruji without asking any questions. Thus, bless only those with Amrit who have real yearning for it, someone who has understood Guruji’s philosophy and is willing to give his/her head to Guruji without any doubts or questions. Bhai Dya Ram (later Bhai Dya Singh), on Gurujis call had said, “Guruji, this head became yours the day we bowed it down in your feet, so what’s the hesitation in giving something that belongs to you in the first place?” Such people, who had that kind of pyaar for Guruji, were given the daat of Amrit. That is why, our efforts should be towards understanding the bani, and explaining the meanings and jinx of it to others so that the love for Guruji could develop and thirst for Amrit will automatically take place within them. Such people will get chopped to bits but will never let anyone spoil Guruji’s Baana. Therefore, we must not take the power of Gurbani lightly. Bhai Santokh Ji says the Bani of Dhan Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj is the mother of all the bani of all the philosophies and understand of God as found in all the dharma granths of this world.

Going back to the tukk of Guru Nanak Dev Ji:

ਬਾਲ ਕੰਨਿਆ ਕੌ ਬਾਪੁ ਪਿਆਰਾ ਭਾਈ ਕੌ ਅਤਿ ਭਾਈ ॥
baal kanniaa ka baap piaaraa bhaaee ka ath bhaaee ||
The father is dear to his young daughter, and the brother is very dear to his brother. (Ang 596, SGGS Ji)

It is commonly observed in Indian society that male child is preferred by parents and the society in general while this decision should be left to Akal Purakh to decide. This favourism is also observed at orphanages where childless couples go to get a child to adopt, its boys that get most easily adopted. This is unlike in the west where a girl is favoured in place of boys. This is because they know girls are sensitive to other’s needs and feelings while guys live on the levels of logic and start questioning everything. If a father sits and contemplates on his grown up children as to who has remembered him with greater fondness and affection, he will find it will his daughter who has shown more honest love and care towards him than the son. Guru Nanak Dev Ji, in the above tukk, tells us exactly that. If one looks at the other aspect now, we can see it’s the son that is more close to his mother while father and son falling out with each other is a common observation in many families. In situations where father and son end up in fierce arguments, mother is always seen supporting her son.

These are physiological aspects – a man is incomplete in every woman, and a woman remains incomplete in every man. The very word ‘Ardhaangini’ which is now used for wife is composed of two different words – Ardh (half) and Ang (body part) – meaning she is incomplete without the male counterpart. It certainly did not mean ‘Wife’ like today. That incomplete part within a woman wants to be complete and that is why there is an attraction for males in her heart. Similarly, the incomplete woman inside a man wants to be complete and thus, his attraction for women. To repeat what Guru Nanak Dev Ji Maharaj says:

ਪੁਰਖ ਮਹਿ ਨਾਰਿ ਨਾਰਿ ਮਹਿ ਪੁਰਖਾ ਬੂਝਹੁ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਗਿਆਨੀ ॥
purakh mehi naar naar mehi purakhaa boojhahu breham giaanee ||
The female is in the male, and the male is in the female. Understand this, O God-realized being! (Ang 879, SGGS Ji)

That is why even the biggest of saints is incomplete, as almost half of his self is an incomplete woman wanting to be complete. If someone does not consume the right food in the right manner, he/she will be forced to eat wrong food in a wrong fashion. Bhagat Kabir Ji says:

ਜਗ ਮਹਿ ਬਕਤੇ ਦੂਧਾਧਾਰੀ ॥
jag mehi bakathae dhoodhhaadhhaaree ||
Those who claim in this world that they live on milk alone,

ਗੁਪਤੀ ਖਾਵਹਿ ਵਟਿਕਾ ਸਾਰੀ ॥੩॥
gupathee khaavehi vattikaa saaree ||3||
secretly eat whole loads of food. ||3|| (Ang 873, SGGS Ji)

Bhagat Kabir Ji says people who claim they have so much self restraint that they can exist just by consuming milk are nothing but lairs as these very people gulp loads and loads of food in secret and in a wrong fashion. Those who do not satisfy the basic needs of a Grahist Jeevan in a proper and dignified manner will end up satisfying those needs from outside with inappropriate ways. So why not do it within the laws of nature, of society and spiritually elevated people? One has learnt the proper way to cook, unlike animals who also eat but do not know how to cook. Similarly animals have not been able to create and adapt to the proper and lawful ways of Grahist Jeevan with which a human being (should) lives. In animal world, concept of relationships like uncles and aunts is non-existent. There is always an attraction for the opposite sex because the incomplete part within wants to be complete. To validate the way in which this need is fulfilled, stamp of approval has to come from Gurmat in the form of four lavaans with Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj as the vichola (middleman).

Coming back to the topic, if saints feel the need to have water and food, then surely kaamic activity is also a need of the body. Guru Nanak Dev Ji Maharaj does not agree that this activity can be given up.

ਜਤਨ ਕਰੈ ਬਿੰਦੁ ਕਿਵੈ ਨ ਰਹਾਈ ॥
jathan karai bindh kivai n rehaaee ||
No matter how much he tries, he cannot control his semen and seed.

ਮਨੂਆ ਡੋਲੈ ਨਰਕੇ ਪਾਈ ॥
manooaa ddolai narakae paaee ||
His mind wavers, and he falls into hell. (Ang 906, SGGS Ji)

No one can refrain themselves from kaam, although one cannot know if somebody does it in secret and in unlawful ways. Thus, this energy is required for the creation of new lives but excess Kaam-Rass will offshoot into Kaam-Krodh, Kaam-Lobh, and Kaam-Vaashna. That is why, one has to transform this energy upwards in the positive direction so that Kundalini can rise and break the chakars, eventually resulting in Naam-Rass. (Please do read “Kundalini Surjee Satsangat” by Gyani Ji for more in-depth veechar on this subject here – link: http://www.sikhsanga…h-ji-maskeen/).

This topic (of kaam) has remained untouched and objections have been raised [against Maskeen Ji] for raising this topic. Well, if that is the case, then first one should tell Guru Arjan Dev Ji Maharaj to not discuss it, who say in Sahahskriti Sloks:

ਹੇ ਕਾਮੰ ਨਰਕ ਬਿਸ੍ਰਾਮੰ ਬਹੁ ਜੋਨੀ ਭ੍ਰਮਾਵਣਹ ॥
hae kaaman narak bisraaman bahu jonee bhramaavaneh ||
O sexual desire, you lead the mortals to hell; you make them wander in reincarnation through countless species. (Ang 1358, SGGS Ji)

OR

ਕਾਮੁ ਕ੍ਰੋਧੁ ਕਾਇਆ ਕਉ ਗਾਲੈ ॥
kaam krodhh kaaeiaa ko gaalai ||
Unfulfilled sexual desire and unresolved anger waste the body away,

ਜਿਉ ਕੰਚਨ ਸੋਹਾਗਾ ਢਾਲੈ ॥
jio kanchan sohaagaa dtaalai ||
as gold is dissolved by borax. (Ang 932, SGGS Ji)

First stop the Gurujis and Saints who do not hesitate to discuss this important subject and then we will stop. The great Rishi Vatsayan wrote “kama sutra” and Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj did the translation of that book in Sri Dasam Granth Ji. 90% of the Bani of Sri Dasam Granth Ji is the translation of old granths because in those days, Brahmins used to educate other fellow Brahmins about the granths of India and no one else. As a result people belonging to other castes used to remain deprived of the material and the Sanskrit content written in those granths. Also, these crooked Brahmins used to twist and turn the meanings of the scriptures to please the listener. That is why, Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj himself created the teeka, the translation of these scriptures. He declares:

ਦਸਮ ਕਥਾ ਭਾਗਉਤ ਕੀ ਭਾਖਾ ਕਰੀ ਬਨਾਇ ॥ ਅਵਰ ਬਾਸਨਾ ਨਾਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਧਰਮ ਜੁੱਧ ਕੇ ਚਾਇ ॥੨੪੯੧॥
Dasam kathaa Bhaagaddd kibhaakhaa karibanaae|| Avar baasnaa naah(i) prabh dharam juddh ke chaae||2491||
I have composed the discourse of the tenth part (Skandh) of Bhagavat in the vernacular; O Lord ! I have no other desire and have only the zeal for the war fought on the basis of righteousness.2491. (Ang 1133, Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji)

Guruji clearly clarifies that he is not attached to all the saints and religious people that appear in the stories I have translated, the only thing that he is attached and fond of is that of Dharam-Yudh, the war for the preservation of righteousness.

But in order to understand the importance of our own Gurbani, one needs to have other philosophies handy to compare it with so that we can get awareness of the real beauty of the Bani of our Gurus. That is why; Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj gave us the translations of the old religious philosophies for us to compare Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj’s Amrit bani with in order for us to really comprehend the true meaning of Gurbani. In the translation of Krishan Avtar, Guruji clearly states:

ਮੈ ਨ ਗਨੇਸ਼ਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਿਥਮ ਮਨਾਊਂ ॥ ਕਿਸ਼ਨ ਬਿਸ਼ਨ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਨਹ ਧਿਆਊਂ ॥ਕਾਨ ਸੁਨੇ ਪਹਿਚਾਨ ਨ ਤਿਨ ਸੋਂ ॥ ਲਿਵ ਲਾਗੀ ਮੋਰੀ ਪਗ ਇਨ ਸੋਂ ॥੪੩੪॥
Mai na gadeshah(i) pritham manaaoon|| Kishan Bishan kab-hoon nah dhiaaoon|| Kaan sune paihchaan na tin son|| Liv laagimoripag in son||434||
I do not adore Ganesha in the beginning and also do not mediatate on Krishna and Vishnu; I have only heard about them with my ears and I do not recognize them; my consciousness is absorbed at the feet of the Supreme Kal (the Immanent Brahman).434. (Ang 732, Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji)

Guruji tells us explicitly that he not acknowledge the godly status given to these avtars, the only reason he has provided us these translations is so that a common man can know what exactly is written in Sanskrit in the other granths about the ways with which people in olden days used to meditate and the kind of practices they were involved in.

Baba Balwant Ji, the teacher who taught Gyani Maskeen Ji the rules of Gurbani grammer, was about 75 years old when Maskeen Ji saw him reading the “Kama Sutra”. He asked him with surprise the reason for reading such a book. Babaji smiled and said, “The kaam with which one is born, which remains with us in youth and till the time we die, one should try to understand it”. In that book, Vatsayan has explained how men and women go corrupt when this Kaam-Rass goes out of control.

ਰੰਨਾ ਹੋਈਆ ਬੋਧੀਆ ਪੁਰਸ ਹੋਏ ਸਈਆਦ ॥
rannaa hoeeaa bodhheeaa puras hoeae seeaadh ||
Women have become advisors, and men have become hunters. (Ang 1243, SGGS Ji)

Vatsayan writes about the misdeeds men do when they become hunters. When that text is translated by Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj for our knowledge, some have started beating their chests in protest and started saying that Sri Dasam Granth Sahib Ji is not the Bani of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji Maharaj and thus, we refuse to read it. These ignorant fools should be told to first remove kaam from their lives and then dare question Guru Sahib ji Maharaj. It is kaam with which we are born, then how can we not listen to things related to it? Guru Nanak Dev ji Maharaj discusses it, Guru Arjan Dev Ji Maharaj discusses it, Bhagat Kabir Ji discusses it and elaborates on it in the most beautiful ways.

The imbeciles who protest are not willing to listen about kaam, rest they do not have problems with discussions and texts on anger, greed or ego. They do not realize that is KAAM that is the root energy of all the other vikaars, be it anger, greed, or desire. It is that very Kaam-Rass that becomes Naam-Rass and also gives birth to new lives. This concept of kaam is very core of all the concepts that are often discussed and lectured upon, yet that very root concept is frowned upon and objected to by ignorant Guru Nindaks.

One has to realise it is the misuse of excess Kaam-Rass that results in mental instability in many people. Maskeen Ji narrates a little story out of his own life: Once, out of curiosity, he visited a sanitarium in New York where a Singh close to him worked. These mentality instable people were all given different magazines to read in an attempt to bring some sense of sanity back to them. Maskeen Ji says he was shocked to see that one patient had scribbled crowns and jewels on the cover photos and speech bubbles were drawn which suggested that these people were dictating orders to each other. The doctor laughed it away but Maskeen Ji said, it is his arrogance that has disturbed his mental balance. Then there are other people who go insane because of excessive anger, and there are yet others who lose their mental composure due to greed. Guru Arjan Dev Ji says:

ਅੰਤਰਿ ਲੋਭੁ ਫਿਰਹਿ ਹਲਕਾਏ ॥
anthar lobh firehi halakaaeae ||
Within them is greed, and they wander around like mad dogs. (Ang 372, SGGS Ji)

[Maskeen Ji summarises the whole katha from here on]

———————————————————- SMAPAT ————————————————

Link to original katha: http://www.patshahi1…katha&Itemid=77

Dasam Granth Sahib katha – Sant Singh Maskeen ji

One Universal Creator God. The Name Is Truth. Creative Being Personified. No Fear. No Hatred. Image Of The Undying, Beyond Birth, Self-Existent. By Guru’s Grace ||

Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa
Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh

A person always has some sort of expectation of reward everytime he/she performs any action (karam). If that reward is not recieved by committing to that action , it is like a sown seed could not develop at all, like a planted tree could not bear any fruit. A gardener, who dedicatedly takes care of the flowers and plants he planted, feels really disappointed if his plants dry up despite his efforts. We get up and perform our daily actions of doing Nitnem in the morning, the reward or fruit of these actions according to Gurbani is presented as follows:

There are approximately (Maskeen Ji guesses) 150 or so questions in the Dasam Granth. Each of these questions, found in the Akaal Ustat, is extremely valuable and important. These questions are the very questions a seeker of Truth often faces on his journey from time to time. But, the Bani only puts forth the questions and does not provide any answers. People who have had the fortunate opportunity to see (darshan) of Dasam Granth Ji will know this, although these days people don’t even seem to have time to visit Guru Granth Sahib Ji.

I [Maskeen Ji] would like to clarify the doubts as to why Dhan Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji Maharaaj did not register his Bani in the Dhan Dhan Guru Granth Sahib Ji. The point that I [Maskeen Ji] often put across to explain this are these:

1. Firstly, the entire Bani of Dhan Dhan Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaaj is about Brahm Gyaan, pure Knowledge of God. However, in Dasam Granth Ji, Dhan Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s own discourse and story is also present.

Ab mY ApnI kQw bKwno ] qp swDq ijh ibiD muih Awno ]
Now I relate my own story of how God sent me in the world while I was absorbed in meditation. (Panna 132, Sri Dasam Granth Ji)

This is the autobiographical discourse by Guru Gobind Singh Ji like, where and why he was born, how he spent his childhood, and the wars he fought which are explained in vast detail in the Bani Bachittar Natak. In Dhan Dhan Guru Granth Sahib Ji, however, is pure Brahm Gyaan, one will not find any mention of any historical facts, for example where and when was Guru Nanak Dev Ji born and so forth. Therefore, keeping this fact in consideration, Guru Gobind Singh Ji chose not to register his Bani in Dhan Dhan Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaaj.

2. The second argument often given is this: Why did Guru Gobind Singh Ji write his life story himself? In general, the life story of prophets and great religious figures (Avtaari Purash) has been written by people other than themselves. For example, the story of Sri Ram was written by Tulsi and Valmiki and people like Pandit Hirda Ram, etc. Similarly, the entire life history of Sri Krishna was written by Ved Vyaas, and by people like Kavi Nirotam, Kaisho Dutt and others. So, the question that is asked is while there were people who could write the life history of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, why did he choose to write it himself?

A writer who wishes to write about any avtaari purash needs both the true feeling and knowledge about him. If the story is told with pure emotional feelings, the work would be nothing but wrong meanings. I [Maskeen Ji] have read books written by such people, and they were full of emotional exaggerations with no real knowledge behind it, so much so that miracles have been attached to even the trivial of things. For example, Tulsi, in his emotional outburst has written saloks where he has gone as far as calling Sri Ram the God incarnate. In the same fashion, Surdaas, Nirotam and others write about Sri Krishan and call him God. However, if even deep knowledge has no emotional element attached to it, then arguments take place. So, there has to be a proper balance between both these two elements.

Guru Gobind Singh Ji was aware of the difficulty of keeping the right balance. He was concerned that some sikh, flowing in the sea of emotions, might end up equating him with God while writing his life history. That is why, Guruji decided to write his autobiography, and wrote the following in it:

jy hm ko prmysr aucir hY ] qy sB nrk kuMf mih pir hY ]
Those who call me God, will fall into the pit of hell.

mo kO dwsu qvn kw jwno ] Xw mY Byd n rMc pCwno ] 32 ]
Regard me as a humble servant of the Lord and have no doubt about it.

mY hO prm purK ko dwsw ] dyKn AwXo jgq qmwsw ]
I am a slave of the Supreme Being and have come to witness the drama of the world. (Bachittar Natak, Sri Dasam Granth)

God is the supreme power, and Guru Gobind Singh Ji clearly states that he is not God, but just a human being.

I [Maskeen Ji] was reading a book by Khushwant Singh in which he writes there are about 84 people in India who call themselves Bhagwaan, that includes people like Rajneesh. Sadly, there are few others, like the Nirankaaris, who like to be called as Nirankaars. Blindly, fools started following them without even realising the meaning of the word ‘Nirankaar’. Nirankaar word means One that has no form, then how can someone made of five elements be a Nirankaar? Such people are in our panth as well who call themselves Gurus and Sants and persuade people to follow their royalty and their own ways. Such people try and break people from our Guruji rather than bonding them closer to the true Gurus. Anyhow, sooner or later, maybe in the next century, the whole world will have to accept the fact that a human being made of flesh and bones can never be God. Anyone who attracts people to his own belief system is a cheat. Our Ten Gurus never told us to worship them and treat them as God. Instead, the whole effort of Gurus is to connect us to the words written in the praise of God.

Now, I [Maskeen Ji] would like to present some really beautiful thoughts written by Guru Gobind Singh Ji in Sri Dasam Granth in regards to various aspects of life and religion. Another reason that Guru Gobind Singh Ji did not add bani in Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaaj is that Guruji has done teeka of various other religious scriptures, the philosophies of which Guruji do not endorse, it is just a teeka of the religious texts for understanding.

ਦਸਮ ਕਥਾ ਭਾਗਉਤ ਕੀ ਭਾਖਾ ਕਰੀ ਬਨਾਇ ॥ ਅਵਰ ਬਾਸਨਾ ਨਾਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਧਰਮ ਜੁੱਧ ਕੇ ਚਾਇ ॥੨੪੯੧॥
kathaa Bhaagaut kibhaakhaa karibanaae|| Avar baasnaa naah(i) prabh dharam juddh ke chaae||2491||

I have composed the discourse of the tenth part (Skandh) of Bhagavat in the vernacular; O Lord ! I have no other desire and have only the zeal for the war fought on the basis of righteousness.2491. (Panna 1133, Sri Dasam Granth)

As you might be aware, Banis like Ram Avtar, Krishna Avtar, as well as discourses on Chaubees Avtar are present in Sri Dasam Granth. The discourses on the twenty four avtars was originally completely written in Sanskrit. In those days, a brahmin used to teach Sanskrit to fellow brahmins only because they used to believe that understanding of Sanskrit is right of only the brahmins. As such, common man was unable to decipher what was written in those texts. Guru Gobind Singh Ji, with his infinite wisdom, did teekas of all the 24 avtars at Sri Paonta Sahib so that even the common man could know what it is all about. Even though Guruji wrote these texts, he made it absolutely clear that these are not his thoughts. For instance, after completing Krishna Avtar, Guruji wrote:

ਮੈ ਨ ਗਨੇਸ਼ਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਿਥਮ ਮਨਾਊਂ ॥ ਕਿਸ਼ਨ ਬਿਸ਼ਨ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਨਹ ਧਿਆਊਂ ॥ਕਾਨ ਸੁਨੇ ਪਹਿਚਾਨ ਨ ਤਿਨ ਸੋਂ ॥ ਲਿਵ ਲਾਗੀ ਮੋਰੀ ਪਗ ਇਨ ਸੋਂ ॥੪੩੪॥
Mai na Ganeshah(i) pritham manaaoon|| Kishan Bishan kab-hoon nah dhiaaoon|| Kaan sune paihchaan na tin son|| Liv laagimoripag in son||434||

I do not adore Ganesha in the beginning and also do not mediatate on Krishna and Vishnu; I have only heard about them with my ears and I do not recognize them; my consciousness is absorbed at the feet of the Supreme Kal (the Immanent Brahman).434. (Panna 732, Sri Dasam Granth)

The reason Guruji felt the need to write these lines after Krishna Avtar is to dispel any thought that Guruji worships Krishna. Sadly, some people still misunderstood, like Bhagat Chela Ram. He has written a book called ‘Murali Mehma’. He writes in the preface of the book that Guru Gobind Singh Ji has accepted Krishna as the most superior amongst all the Avtars. And although he could not continue to go into detail, but he did let his intentions know. Guru Gobind Singh Ji wanted to let the masses know what the ‘secret’ knowledge is all about, because brahmins used to claim that nobody else except them have the right to gain this knowledge.

Before the Chaubees Avtar Bani comes the autobiography of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, called ‘Bachittar Natak’. In Akal Ustat, there is no mention of any kings, it is pure praises of Akal Purakh. There are a few questions in Akal Ustat that I [Maskeen Ji] would like to present before you:

ਕੋ ਸੂਰਾ ਸੁੰਦਰ ਕਵਨ ਕਹਾ ਜੋਗ ਕੋ ਸਾਰ ॥
Ko sooraa sundar kavan kahaa jog ko saar||

Who is hero and who is beautiful? What is the essence of Yoga?

ਕੋ ਦਾਤਾ ਗਿਆਨੀ ਕਵਨ ਕਹੋ ਬਿਚਾਰ ਅਬਿਚਾਰ ॥੧੦॥੨੧੦॥
Ko daataa giaanoo kavan kaho bichaar abichaar||10||210||

Who is the Donor and who is the Knower? Tell me the judicious and injudicious.10.210. (Panna 78, Sri Dasam Granth)

Guruji talks about the things in this world that atrracts and influences a person. Similarly, Guruji asks:

ਕਹਾ ਨੇਮ ਸੰਜਮ ਕਹਾ ਕਹਾ ਗਿਆਨ ਅਗਿਆਨ ॥
Kahaa nem sanjam kahaa kahaa giaan agiaan||

What are the observance and restraint? What are the knowledge and nescience. (Panna 78, Sri Dasam Granth)

There are many more questions that Guruji puts forward, and all of them are the topics which we are not always clear about, and often misunderstand and misinterpret their real meanings. However, anyone who has understood these questions and has found the answers to them, consider such a person as having the knowledge of all the four directions of the Dharam.

Lets discuss the following question:

ਕੋ ਸੂਰਾ ਸੁੰਦਰ ਕਵਨ ਕਹਾ ਜੋਗ ਕੋ ਸਾਰ ॥
Ko sooraa sundar kavan kahaa jog ko saar||

Who is hero and who is beautiful? What is the essence of Yoga?

So, who is brave? One that has got great strength in his body? Or someone who is ready to take others’ turbans off all the time? No. The peak of Bhagti is:

ਕਹੁ ਕਬੀਰ ਸੁਖਿ ਸਹਜਿ ਸਮਾਵਉ ॥
kahu kabeer sukh sehaj samaavo ||

Says Kabeer, I am now immersed in intuitive peace and poise.

ਆਪਿ ਨ ਡਰਉ ਨ ਅਵਰ ਡਰਾਵਉ ॥੩॥੧੭॥
aap n ddaro n avar ddaraavo ||3||17||

I do not fear anyone, and I do not strike fear into anyone else. ||3||17|| (Ang 327, Dhan Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji)

Guru Teg Bahadur Ji says:

ਭੈ ਕਾਹੂ ਕਉ ਦੇਤ ਨਹਿ ਨਹਿ ਭੈ ਮਾਨਤ ਆਨ ॥
bhai kaahoo ko dhaeth nehi nehi bhai maanath aan ||

One who does not frighten anyone, and who is not afraid of anyone else

ਕਹੁ ਨਾਨਕ ਸੁਨਿ ਰੇ ਮਨਾ ਗਿਆਨੀ ਤਾਹਿ ਬਖਾਨਿ ॥੧੬॥
kahu naanak sun rae manaa giaanee thaahi bakhaan ||16||

- says Nanak, listen, mind: call him spiritually wise. ||16|| (Ang 1427, Dhan Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji)

It is said that the answers to these questions were originally present in Sri Dasam Granth, but somr part of it has been lost. Wise men believe that a part of Dasam Granth was lost during the time when wars were being fought against Mughals. Yet another set of scholars believe that Guruji has embedded subliminal answers to these questions within the questions themselves. Such a shabad by Bhagat Kabir Ji is in Dhan Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, where question is the answer and answer is the question.

ਜਉ ਤੁਮ ਅਪਨੇ ਜਨ ਸੌ ਕਾਮੁ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥
jo thum apanae jan sa kaam ||1|| rehaao ||

if you require any work from Your humble servant. ||1||Pause||

ਇਹੁ ਮਨੁ ਬਡਾ ਕਿ ਜਾ ਸਉ ਮਨੁ ਮਾਨਿਆ ॥
eihu man baddaa k jaa so man maaniaa ||

Is this mind greater, or the One to whom the mind is attuned?

ਰਾਮੁ ਬਡਾ ਕੈ ਰਾਮਹਿ ਜਾਨਿਆ ॥੧॥
raam baddaa kai raamehi jaaniaa ||1||

Is the Lord greater, or one who knows the Lord? ||1||

ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਬਡਾ ਕਿ ਜਾਸੁ ਉਪਾਇਆ ॥
brehamaa baddaa k jaas oupaaeiaa ||

Is Brahma greater, or the One who created Him?

ਬੇਦੁ ਬਡਾ ਕਿ ਜਹਾਂ ਤੇ ਆਇਆ ॥੨॥
baedh baddaa k jehaan thae aaeiaa ||2||

Are the Vedas greater, or the One from which they came? ||2||

ਕਹਿ ਕਬੀਰ ਹਉ ਭਇਆ ਉਦਾਸੁ ॥
kehi kabeer ho bhaeiaa oudhaas ||

Says Kabeer, I have become depressed;

ਤੀਰਥੁ ਬਡਾ ਕਿ ਹਰਿ ਕਾ ਦਾਸੁ ॥੩॥੪੨॥
theerathh baddaa k har kaa dhaas ||3||42||

is the sacred shrine of pilgrimage greater, or the slave of the Lord? ||3||42||(Ang 331, Dhan Guru Granth Sahib Ji)

Those who have the knowledge of the grammer of Gurbani and those familiar with this style of writing will know that the questions have got the answers within them. Kabeer Ji says the one whose mind has agreed to Akal Purakh is greater. Similarly, the one who has known Akal Purakh is greater, because one might never know God exists if there are no Sants around who have found the True Creator. A great soul came on this earth in a small village Talwandi, only then it became Nankana Sahib, it never existed before Guru Nanak Dev Ji. Similarly, Sheesh Ganj in Chandni Chowk, where Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji gave Shaheedi became a pilgrimage, otherwise it was just a ordinary place. So, has that place given importance to Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji or has Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji has given birth to that place? It is Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji’s Shaheedi that created that place.

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-Taken from www.sikhawareness.com by Amardeep